Below is the abstract of a forthcoming BBS target article on:
THEORY OF MIND IN NONHUMAN PRIMATES
by C. M. Heyes
This article has been accepted for publication in Behavioral and Brain
Sciences (BBS), an international, interdisciplinary journal providing
Open Peer Commentary on important and controversial current research in
the biobehavioral and cognitive sciences.
Commentators must be BBS Associates or nominated by a BBS Associate. To
be considered as a commentator for this article, to suggest other
appropriate commentators, or for information about how to become a BBS
Associate, please send EMAIL to:
bbs(a)cogsci.soton.ac.uk
or write to:
Behavioral and Brain Sciences
Department of Psychology
University of Southampton
Highfield, Southampton
SO17 1BJ UNITED KINGDOM
http://www.princeton.edu/~harnad/bbs/http://www.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/bbs/ftp://ftp.princeton.edu/pub/harnad/BBS/
ftp://ftp.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/pub/bbs/
gopher://gopher.princeton.edu:70/11/.libraries/.pujournals
If you are not a BBS Associate, please send your CV and the name of a
BBS Associate (there are currently over 10,000 worldwide) who is
familiar with your work. All past BBS authors, referees and commentators
are eligible to become BBS Associates.
To help us put together a balanced list of commentators, please give
some indication of the aspects of the topic on which you would bring
your areas of expertise to bear if you were selected as a commentator.
An electronic draft of the full text is available for inspection
with a WWW browser, anonymous ftp or gopher according to the
instructions that follow after the abstract.
____________________________________________________________________
THEORY OF MIND IN NONHUMAN PRIMATES
C. M. Heyes
Department of Psychology
University College London
Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT
United Kingdom
c.heyes(a)ucl.ac.uk
KEYWORDS: apes; associative learning; concepts; convergence;
deception; evolution of intelligence; folk psychology;
imitation; mental state attribution; monkeys; parsimony;
perspective-taking; primates; role-taking; self-recognition;
social cognition; social intelligence; theory of mind.
ABSTRACT: Since the BBS article in which Premack & Woodruff
(1978) asked "Does the chimpanzee have a theory of mind?", it
has been repeatedly claimed that there is observational and
experimental evidence that apes have mental state concepts,
such as `want' and `know'. Unlike in research on the
development of theory of mind in childhood, however, no
substantial progress has been made through this work with
nonhuman primates. A survey of empirical studies of imitation,
self-recognition, social relationships, deception, role-taking
and perspective-taking suggests that in every case where
nonhuman primate behavior has been interpreted as a sign of
theory of mind, it could instead have occurred by chance or as
a product of nonmentalistic processes such as associative
learning or inferences based on nonmental categories.
Arguments to the effect that, in spite of this, the theory of
mind hypothesis should be accepted because it is more
parsimonious than alternatives, or because it is supported by
convergent evidence, are not compelling. Such arguments are
based on unsupportable assumptions about the role of parsimony
in science, and either ignore the requirement that convergent
evidence proceed from independent assumptions, or fail to show
that it supports the theory of mind hypothesis over
nonmentalist alternatives. Progress in research on theory of
mind requires experimental procedures that can distinguish the
theory of mind hypothesis from nonmentalist alternatives. A
procedure that may have this potential is proposed. It uses
conditional discrimination training and transfer tests to
determine whether chimpanzees have the concept `see'.
Commentators are invited to identify flaws in the procedure and
to suggest alternatives.
--------------------------------------------------------------
To help you decide whether you would be an appropriate commentator for
this article, an electronic draft is retrievable from the World Wide
Web or by anonymous ftp or gopher from the US or UK BBS Archive.
Ftp instructions follow below. Please do not prepare a commentary on
this draft. Just let us know, after having inspected it, what relevant
expertise you feel you would bring to bear on what aspect of the
article.
The URLs you can use to get to the BBS Archive:
http://www.princeton.edu/~harnad/bbs/http://www.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/bbs/Archive/bbs.heyes.htmlftp://ftp.princeton.edu/pub/harnad/BBS/bbs.heyes
ftp://ftp.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/pub/bbs/Archive/bbs.heyes
gopher://gopher.princeton.edu:70/11/.libraries/.pujournals
To retrieve a file by ftp from an Internet site, type either:
ftp ftp.princeton.edu
or
ftp 128.112.128.1
When you are asked for your login, type:
anonymous
Enter password as queried (your password is your actual userid:
yourlogin(a)yourhost.whatever.whatever - be sure to include the "@")
cd /pub/harnad/BBS
To show the available files, type:
ls
Next, retrieve the file you want with (for example):
get bbs.heyes
When you have the file(s) you want, type:
quit
The Programme of the Ph.D. Seminar
at the Theoretical Linguistics Programme (ELTE)
1996-97/2nd Semester
Feb. 25: Gabriella Toth: The Syntax of Aspect
March 4: Beata Gyuris: Temporal Quantification in Hungarian
March 11: Nino Amiridze: t.b.a.
March 25: Silvi Tenjes: Conversational Gestures in Estonian Dialogue
April 8: Huba Bartos: Specificity in Syntax
April 15: Attila Molnar: The Structure of Adjunct Clauses
April 22: Greta Dalmi: Specificity Revisited
April 29: Agnes Bende-Farkas: Static Operators in Dynamic Logic
May 6: Elena Buja: Romanian and Theoretical Linguistics
May 13: Anita Viszket: t.b.a.
Seminars start at 11a.m. Location: Research Institute of
Linguistics, H.A.S.: no. 1-5, Szinhaz street, room no. 119.
For further information contact bfarkas/kinga(a)nytud.hu.
Below is the abstract of a forthcoming BBS target article on:
OVARIAN HORMONES IN BRAIN SEXUAL DIFFERENTIATION
by Roslyn Holly Fitch and Victor H. Denenberg
This article has been accepted for publication in Behavioral and Brain
Sciences (BBS), an international, interdisciplinary journal providing
Open Peer Commentary on important and controversial current research in
the biobehavioral and cognitive sciences.
Commentators must be BBS Associates or nominated by a BBS Associate. To
be considered as a commentator for this article, to suggest other
appropriate commentators, or for information about how to become a BBS
Associate, please send EMAIL to:
bbs(a)cogsci.soton.ac.uk
or write to:
Behavioral and Brain Sciences
Department of Psychology
University of Southampton
Highfield, Southampton
SO17 1BJ UNITED KINGDOM
http://www.princeton.edu/~harnad/bbs/http://www.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/bbs/ftp://ftp.princeton.edu/pub/harnad/BBS/
ftp://ftp.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/pub/bbs/
gopher://gopher.princeton.edu:70/11/.libraries/.pujournals
If you are not a BBS Associate, please send your CV and the name of a
BBS Associate (there are currently over 10,000 worldwide) who is
familiar with your work. All past BBS authors, referees and commentators
are eligible to become BBS Associates.
To help us put together a balanced list of commentators, please give
some indication of the aspects of the topic on which you would bring
your areas of expertise to bear if you were selected as a commentator.
An electronic draft of the full text is available for inspection
with a WWW browser, anonymous ftp or gopher according to the
instructions that follow after the abstract.
____________________________________________________________________
A ROLE FOR OVARIAN HORMONES IN SEXUAL DIFFERENTIATION
OF THE BRAIN
Roslyn Holly Fitch and Victor H. Denenberg
Biobehavioral Sciences Graduate Degree Program
University of Connecticut
Storrs, CT 06269-4154
Dberg(a)UCONNVM.UCONN.EDU
KEYWORDS: Activational effects, androgens, corpus callosum,
estrogen, female default hypothesis, feminization,
masculinization, organizational effects, sensitive periods,
sexual differentiation, testosterone
ABSTRACT: Historically, studies of the role of endogenous
hormones in developmental differentiation of the sexes have
suggested that mammalian sexual differentiation is primarily
mediated by testicular androgens, and that exposure to
androgens in early life leads to a male brain as defined by
neuroanatomy and behavior. The female brain has been assumed to
develop via a hormonal default mechanism, in the absence of
androgen or other hormones. The role of ovarian hormones in
female sexual differentiation may be complementary to
androgen-mediated masculinization because the feminizing
effects of ovarian steroids are only found in the absence of
perinatal androgen. Ovarian hormones have significant effects
on the development of a sexually dimorphic cortical structure,
the corpus callosum, which is larger in male than female rats.
In the females, removal of the ovaries as late as Day 16
increases the cross-sectional area of the adult corpus
callosum. Treatment with low-dose estradiol starting on Day 25
inhibits this effect. Female callosa are also enlarged by a
combination of daily postnatal handling and exogenous
testosterone administered prior to Day 8. The effects of
androgen treatment are expressed early in development, with
males and testosterone-treated females having larger callosa
than control females as early as Day 30. The effects of
ovariectomy do not appear until after Day 55. These findings
are consistent with other evidence of a later sensitive period
for ovarian feminization than androgenic masculinization.
--------------------------------------------------------------
To help you decide whether you would be an appropriate commentator for
this article, an electronic draft is retrievable from the World Wide
Web or by anonymous ftp or gopher from the US or UK BBS Archive.
Ftp instructions follow below. Please do not prepare a commentary on
this draft. Just let us know, after having inspected it, what relevant
expertise you feel you would bring to bear on what aspect of the
article.
The URLs you can use to get to the BBS Archive:
http://www.princeton.edu/~harnad/bbs/http://www.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/bbs/Archive/bbs.fitch.htmlftp://ftp.princeton.edu/pub/harnad/BBS/bbs.fitch
ftp://ftp.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/pub/bbs/Archive/bbs.fitch
gopher://gopher.princeton.edu:70/11/.libraries/.pujournals
To retrieve a file by ftp from an Internet site, type either:
ftp ftp.princeton.edu
or
ftp 128.112.128.1
When you are asked for your login, type:
anonymous
Enter password as queried (your password is your actual userid:
yourlogin(a)yourhost.whatever.whatever - be sure to include the "@")
cd /pub/harnad/BBS
To show the available files, type:
ls
Next, retrieve the file you want with (for example):
get bbs.fitch
When you have the file(s) you want, type:
quit
Below is the abstract of a forthcoming BBS target article on:
THE DEVELOPMENT OF FEATURES IN OBJECT CONCEPTS
by Philippe G. Schyns, Robert L. Goldstone & Jean-Pierre Thibaut
This article has been accepted for publication in Behavioral and Brain
Sciences (BBS), an international, interdisciplinary journal providing
Open Peer Commentary on important and controversial current research in
the biobehavioral and cognitive sciences.
Commentators must be BBS Associates or nominated by a BBS Associate. To
be considered as a commentator for this article, to suggest other
appropriate commentators, or for information about how to become a BBS
Associate, please send EMAIL to:
bbs(a)cogsci.soton.ac.uk
or write to:
Behavioral and Brain Sciences
Department of Psychology
University of Southampton
Highfield, Southampton
SO17 1BJ UNITED KINGDOM
http://www.princeton.edu/~harnad/bbs/http://www.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/bbs/ftp://ftp.princeton.edu/pub/harnad/BBS/
ftp://ftp.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/pub/bbs/
gopher://gopher.princeton.edu:70/11/.libraries/.pujournals
If you are not a BBS Associate, please send your CV and the name of a
BBS Associate (there are currently over 10,000 worldwide) who is
familiar with your work. All past BBS authors, referees and commentators
are eligible to become BBS Associates.
To help us put together a balanced list of commentators, please give
some indication of the aspects of the topic on which you would bring
your areas of expertise to bear if you were selected as a commentator.
An electronic draft of the full text is available for inspection
with a WWW browser, anonymous ftp or gopher according to the
instructions that follow after the abstract.
____________________________________________________________________
THE DEVELOPMENT OF FEATURES IN OBJECT CONCEPTS
Philippe G. Schyns Robert L. Goldstone Jean-Pierre Thibaut
Psychology Dept. Psychology Dept. Psychology Dept.
Glasgow University Indiana University Universite de Liege
Glasgow G12 8QB UK Bloomington IN 47405 4000 Liege BELGIUM
philippe(a)psy.gla.ac.uk rgoldsto(a)ucs.indiana.edu jthibaut(a)vm1.ulg.ac.be
KEYWORDS: Concept learning, conceptual development, perceptual
learning, features, stimulus encoding
ABSTRACT: According to an influential approach to cognition, our
perceptual systems provide us with a repertoire of fixed features
as input to higher-level cognitive processes. We present a theory
of category learning and representation in which features, instead
of being components of a fixed repertoire, are created under the
influence of higher-level cognitive processes. When new categories
need to be learned, fixed features face one of two problems: (1)
High-level features that are directly useful for categorization may
not be flexible enough to represent all relevant objects. (2)
Low-level features consisting of unstructured fragments (such as
pixels) may not capture the regularities required for successful
categorization. We report evidence that feature creation occurs in
category learning and we describe the conditions that promote it.
Feature creation can adapt flexibly to changing environmental
demands and may be the origin of fixed feature repertoires.
Implications for object categorization, conceptual development,
chunking, constructive induction and formal models of
dimensionality reduction are discussed.
--------------------------------------------------------------
To help you decide whether you would be an appropriate commentator for
this article, an electronic draft is retrievable from the World Wide
Web or by anonymous ftp or gopher from the US or UK BBS Archive.
Ftp instructions follow below. Please do not prepare a commentary on
this draft. Just let us know, after having inspected it, what relevant
expertise you feel you would bring to bear on what aspect of the
article.
The URLs you can use to get to the BBS Archive:
http://www.princeton.edu/~harnad/bbs/http://www.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/bbs/Archive/bbs.schyns.htmlftp://ftp.princeton.edu/pub/harnad/BBS/bbs.schyns
ftp://ftp.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/pub/bbs/Archive/bbs.schyns
gopher://gopher.princeton.edu:70/11/.libraries/.pujournals
To retrieve a file by ftp from an Internet site, type either:
ftp ftp.princeton.edu
or
ftp 128.112.128.1
When you are asked for your login, type:
anonymous
Enter password as queried (your password is your actual userid:
yourlogin(a)yourhost.whatever.whatever - be sure to include the "@")
cd /pub/harnad/BBS
To show the available files, type:
ls
Next, retrieve the file you want with (for example):
get bbs.schyns
When you have the file(s) you want, type:
quit
---------- Forwarded message ----------
Date: Wed, 12 Feb 1997 13:22:57 GMT
From: S.PSILLOS(a)lse.ac.uk
To: Members of the list <philos-l(a)liverpool.ac.uk>
Subject: Workshop *Logic in Human Reasoning*
Your help with circulating this announcement locally would be appreciated.
Apologies for multiple copies.
______________________________
Workshop
*Logic in Human Reasoning*
Centre for the Philosophy of the Natural and Social Sciences,
Tymes Court Bldg
London School of Economics
Saturday 8 March 1997
10.00-6.00pm
9.15-10.00 Registration
10.00-10.30 Bob Kowalski (Computing, Imperial College London)
Opening Statement
10.30-11.20 Deirdre Wilson (Linguistics, University College London)
"Logic in Communication and Cognition"
11.20-11.35 Coffee Break
11.35-12.25 Murray Shanahan (Computing, Queen Mary London)
"The Use of Logic in Robotics"
12.25-13.15 Paul Thagard (Philosophy, University of Waterloo, Canada)
"Coherence as Constraint Satisfaction"
13.15-14.30 Lunch Break
14.30-15.20 David Over (School of Social and International Studies, University
of Sunderland)
"Logic, Probability and Utility"
15.20-16.10 Giovanni Sartor (Law, Queen's University Belfast)
"Law: Logic and Argumentation in Legal Reasoning"
16.10-16.30 Tea Break
16.30-18.00 Panel Discussion
(provisionally: John Worrall (Philosophy, LSE)
Jonathan Evans, Psychology, Plymouth
Keith Stenning, HCRC, Edingurgh
David Pearce, Compulog
Paul Thagard, Philosophy, Waterloo
Stathis Psillos, Philosophy, LSE)
For more information and registration*, you may contact:
Dr Stathis Psillos
Dept of Philosophy
London School of Economics
Houghton Street
London WC2A 2AE
Tel. 0171 955 7089
e-mail: psillos(a)lse.ac.uk
or
Professor Robert Kowalski
Imperial College
Department of Computing
180 Queen's Gate
London SW7 2BZ
Tel: 0171 594 8225
e-mail: rak(a)doc.ic.ac.uk
(* There is no registration fee, but since space may be limited, potential
participants should register with the organisers.)
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From: rak(a)doc.ic.ac.uk (Bob Kowalski)
Subject: Workshop *Logic in Human Reasoning*
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Tisztelt (esetleges) erdeklodok,
itt kuldom a szeminariumom tematikajat TeX formatumban. Mint alabb is
olvashato, oraamegbeszeles penteken (febr. 7.) 11-kor a BTK logika
tanszeken. Ha kifuggeszted, koszonet erte.
mate andras
%%%%%Itt az eleje
\def\hb{\hfill\break}
\parindent -.5cm
\nopagenumbers
\centerline{
FL-300.xx A matematika filoz\'ofi\'aja II.}
\medskip\centerline{ M\'at\'e Andr\'as adjunktus}
A kurzus c\'elja, hogy szemin\'ariumi form\'aban megismertessen a matematika
filoz\'ofi\'aj\'anak mai (\'ertsd: a 60-as --- 90-es \'evekbeli)
kurrens t\'em\'aival \'es n\'eh\'any jelent\H os szerz\H oj\'evel.
\par{\bf Tematika:}
I. Klasszikus eredm\'enyek \hb
a./ Teljess\'eg \'es konzisztencia\hb
Smullyan: {\sl G\"odel's Incompleteness Theorems\/},
Oxford, 1992.\hb
b./ Algoritmusok, eld\"onthet\H os\'eg\hb
Penrose: {\sl The Emperor's New Mind\/} Oxford, 1989:
pp. 30--73. (Magyar ford\'\i t\'asa nagy \'ovatoss\'aggal
kezelend\H o\?)\hb
Ruzsa: {\sl Logikai szintaxis \'es szemantika I\/}
Budapest, 1989
II. A halmaz fogalma\hb
Parsons: `Sets and Classes', in:
{\sl Mathematics in Philosophy},
Cornell U.P., 1983.\hb
Boolos: `The iterative conncept of set', in:
Benacerraf-Putnam: {\sl Philosophy of mathematics}, 2.
kiad.: Cambridge U.P., 1983 (= Benacerraf--Putnam[1983])\hb
Parsons: `What is the iterative concept of set?', uo.\hb
Wang: `The concept of set', uo.
III. A Skolem--paradoxon\hb
Machover: {\sl Set theory, logic and their
limitations\/}, Cambridge, 1996
IV. A term\'eszetes sz\'amok\hb
Benacerraf: `What numbers could not be', in:
Benacerraf--Putnam[1983]
V. Matematika \'es realizmus\hb
Dummett: `What is mathematics about'\hb
---: `Realism and anti--realism',\hb
mindkett\H o in: {\sl The seas of language\/}, Oxford,
1993
VI. G\"odel \'es a filoz\'ofia\hb
Wang: {\sl Reflections on Kurt G\"odel\/}, Cambridge(Mass.),
1987: pp. 187--208\hb
G\"odel: `What is Cantor's continuum problem?', in:
Benacerraf--Putnam[1983]
\medskip{\bf \'Oramegbesz\'el\'es:} febr. 7., 11h, B\"olcs\'eszkar (Pesti B.
u. 1.) A. \'ep. f\'elem. 23.
\bye
%%%%itt a vege