Kedves Kollegak:
Kovacs Ilona es Kaldy zsuzsanna majus 15 es 19 kozott kurzust tartanak a
Szegedi Tudomanyegyetem Soros alapitvany tamogatta kognitiv programjai
keretben.
A tema: A ketfeju latas,
azaz a kettos rendszerek a latas szervezodeseben.
A pontos helyet es idoket kesobb kuldjuk el. Addig is, a mellekelt
reszletes tematika alapjan akit erdekel, keressen. Termeszetesen mas
varosbol jovoknek majd igyekszunk segiteni szallast szerezni is.
Mint a melleklt program is utal ra, olvaskonyv is lesz, kerem ezzel
kapcsolatos igenyeiteket is juttassatok el hozzam.
Mindenkit szeretettel varunk.
Pleh Csaba egyetemi tanar Professor Csaba Pleh
Megismerestudmanyi Csoport Cognitive Science Group
Pszichologia Tanszek Department of Psychology
Szegedi Tudomanyegyetem University of Szeged
Magyar Pszichologiai Szemle Hungarian Review of Psychology
foszerkeszto editor
Szeged
Petofi sgt. 30, H-6722
Hungary
Phone: (36(62)544691
Home: Budakeszi, Zichy P. u 4, 2092
Phone: (36)(23)453933,06203278922
Mobile: (0620)3278922
Fax: (36)(23)453932
email: pleh(a)edpsy.u-szeged.hu
Homepage: www.jate.u-szeged.hu/~pleh
-------------
A KETFEJU LATAS Kovacs Ilona es Kaldy Zsuzsa kurzusa 2000, majus 15-19
Az orak helyerol es idejerol pontos informaciot kesobb kozlunk. A
kurzushoz szoveggyujtemeny keszult. Kerem, aki mintegy 1000 ft-os
terites mellett igenyli, az jelentkezzen aprilis 20-ig Pleh Csabanal,
pleh(a)edpsy.u-szeged.hu
Mindenkit szeretettel varunk.
Eloadas
Nem anatomiai abnormalitas, hanem normalis allapot: agyankent ket
latorendszer! A specialkollegium a latas ket alrendszererol
(koztudottan: "Mi az" ill "Hol van"; anatomiailag: ventralis illetve
dorzalis kergi latoteruletek) szol. Anatomiai, fiziologiai,
neuropszichologiai, pszichofizikai es fejlodesi adatokat fogunk
targyalni. Kozelebbrol megvizsgaljuk azt a hipotezist mely szerint a
ventralis teruletek az un. tudatos erzekelesben vesznek reszt, s a
dorzalis teruletek inkabb a cselekves iranyitasaban (lasd Goodale
konyvet). Pszichologusok, biologusok, medikusok, s meg nyelveszek is
erdekeltek lehetnek.
1. Bevezetes: Latas biologiai szemszogbol irodalom: A. D. Milner & M. A.
Goodale "The visual brain in action" (Oxford University Press, 1997) 1.
fejezet
2. Parhuzamos feldolgozas a retinatol az agykeregig irodalom: A. D.
Milner & M. A. Goodale "The visual brain in action" (Oxford University
Press, 1997) 2. fejezet
3. Mi is a latas funkcioja? Neuropszichologiai adatok irodalom: A. D.
Milner & M. A. Goodale "The visual brain in action" (Oxford University
Press, 1997) 4., 5. fejezet
4. Percepcio vs. cselekvesiranyitas: pszichofizikai adatok irodalom: A.
D. Milner & M. A. Goodale "The visual brain in action" (Oxford
University Press, 1997) 6. fejezet
5. Mit latnak a gyerekek? irodalom: Bachevalier J, Hagger C, Mishkin M
Functional maturation of the occipitotemporal pathway in infant rhesus
monkeys. In: Lassen NA, Raichle ME & Friberg L (eds) Brain work and
mental activity, Alfred Benzon Symposium 31: 231-240 (Copenhagen:
Munksgaard) 1991 I. Kovacs, P. Kozma, A. Feher, G. Benedek "Late
maturation of visual spatial integration in humans" Proc Natl Acad Sci,
96(21) 12204-12209, 1999. P. M Thompson, J. N. Gledd, R. P. Woods, D.
MacDonald, A. E. Evans & A. W. Toga "Growth patterns in the developing
brain detected by using continuum mechanical tensor maps" Nature, 404,
190-193, 2000. Kovacs " Human development of perceptual organization"
Vision Research, in press.
Szeminarium
Az eloadashoz kapcsolodo tovabbi irodalom feldolgozasa. A Goodale-Milner
hipotezis urugyen nehany alapveto modszertani tema es problema
megvitatesa (kuszobmeres, pszichometriai gorbe, "staircase" eljaras).
Miert erdekes az Ebbinghaus-illuzio? A ket vizualis agy elkepzeles
fejlodespszichologiai szempontbol.
Irodalom: M.A. Goodale and A. Haffenden: Frames of Reference for
Perception and Action in the Human Visual System. Neurosci and Behav
Reviews, 1998, 22, 161-172. V. H. Franz, K.R. Gegenfurtner, H.H.
Bulthoff & M.Fahle: Grasping Visual Illusions, in press in Psychological
Science A.M. Haffenden & M.A. Goodale: The effect of a pictorial
illusion on prehension and perception. J. Cognitive Neuroscience, 10(1),
122-136, 1998. I. Faillenot, I.Toni, J.Decety, M.C. Gregorie & M
Jeannerod " Visual pathways for object-oriented action and object
recognition: functional anatomy with PET" Cerebral Cortex, 7, 77-85,
1997
ELTE TTK Tudomanytortenet es Tudomanyfilozofia Tanszek
Budapest, Pazmany P. setany 1/A
TUDOMANYFILOZOFIA SZEMINARIUM
(http://hps.elte.hu/seminar)
________________________________________________
Április 3
12:30
6. em. 6.54
B a r r y L o e w e r
Rutgers University
Collegium Budapest
Many World and Many Mind Interpretations of Quantum Mechanics
After sketching the measurement problem -or what Philip Pearle more
aptly calls "the reality problem"- for quantum theory I show how Everett
and his successors attempt to deal with the problem by reinterpreting
the quantum state as describing many simultaneously existing worlds. I
will argue that the interpretation has many attractive features but
ultimately fails in providing an appropriate account of quantum
mechanical probabilities. An even stranger interpretation called "Many
minds" (due to Albert and Loewer) solves that problem but may be too
weird to be believable.
A szeminarium szervezoje: E. Szabo Laszlo
--
Laszlo E. Szabo
Department of Theoretical Physics
Department of History and Philosophy of Science
Eotvos University, Budapest
H-1518 Budapest, Pf. 32.
Phone: (36-1)2090-555/6671
Fax: (36-1)372-2509
Home: (36-1)200-7318
http://hps.elte.hu/~leszabo
Keds kollegak !
Fiser Jozsef (University of Rochester, N.Y.)
a szegedi kognitiv Soros program vendegtanara
2000. marcius 29-en, szerdan 12 orakor eloadast tart sajat kutatasairol
Gyors gain kontroll vs. figyelem vezerelt hangolas: A targyfelismeres
alacsony es magasszintu adaptacios folyamatainak osszekapcsolasa
cimmel.
Az eloadas helye: a szegedi kognitiv csoport laboratoriuma. Szeged,
Boldogasszony sugarut 4, foldszint.
FIGYELEM: bejarat az udvar felol !!!!
Mindenkit szerettel varunk,
udvozlettel
Pleh CsaBA
ELTE TTK Tudomanytortenet es Tudomanyfilozofia Tanszek
Budapest, Pazmany P. setany 1/A
TUDOMANYFILOZOFIA SZEMINARIUM
(http://hps.elte.hu/seminar)
________________________________________________
Marcius 27
12:30
6. em. 6.54
S z e g e d i P e t e r
ELTE TTK Tudomanytortenet es Tudomanyfilozofia Tanszek
PTOLEMAIOSZ-KOPERNIKUSZ(-KEPLER)
(Review)
Szeminariumaink soraban egy uj mufajjal kiserletezunk, a
"felkert"eloadassal, ami nem azt jelenti, hogy felkerunk egy eloadot -
hiszen ez termeszetes -, hanem azt, hogy egy adott temara kerjuk fel. Az
eloado tehat nem kutatasainak legujabb eredmenyeit ismerteti, es talan
nem is szakertoje az adott targynak. A tema viszont olyan, hogy azzal -
vagy analogonjaval - mindenki talalkozhat munkaja soran, azaz altalanos
erdeklodesre tarthat szamot. Az adott esetben az eloado a
tudomanytortenet tanitasa soran szembesult a problemaval, es
rakenyszerult - mint ez sokunkkal megeshet - hogy kialakitson valamilyen
elkepzelest vele kapcsolatban. Mi is a problema? Egy hires csillagasz
szerzo a kovetkezokeppen vezeti be: "Kezdettol fogva vilagosan kell
latnunk, hogy a bolygok mozgasanak leirasa szempontjabol tokeletesen
mindegy, vajon a Foldet vagy a Napot tekintjuk a naprendszer
kozeppontjanak. Mivel csak viszonylagos mozgasrol van szo, vegtelenul
nagy szamu, kulonbozo kozeppontokra vonatkozo, tokeletesen azonos leiras
letezik - elvben barmilyen pont megfelel, a Hold is, a Jupiter is ...
Igy hat azok a szenvedelyek, amelyeket Kopernikusz konyve, a De
revolutionibus ... szabaditott ra a vilagra, logikai ertelemben
indokolatlanok voltak ..."Es gondolatmenetet a kovetkezokeppen fejezi
be: "Ma semmifele jozan fizikai megfontolas alapjan nem jelenthetjuk ki,
hogy a kopernikuszi elmelet 'helyes', es a ptolemaioszi elmelet
'helytelen'. A ket elmelet ... fizikai ertelemben egyenerteku."(Fred
Hoyle: Stonehenge-tol a modern kozmologiaig. Magveto, 1978. 63. es
136-7. o.) Az eloadas tehat azzal foglalkozik, hogy mi a
tudomanytorteneti helye, jelentosege, egymashoz viszonyitott szerepe a
cimben szereplo szerzoknek, az idezetben hivatkozott "minden idok egyik
legkevesbe ismert es olvasott konyve"-nek (Arthur Koestler: Alvajarok.
Europa, 1996. 250. o.). Az eloado nem fogja megallni, hogy ne beszeljen
e szerzok ismert es lehetseges motivacioirol is. Az ajanlott irodalom
Ptolemaiosz Almagesztje, Kopernikusz emlitett konyve, Keplertol mondjuk
A vilag harmoniaja, valamint masodlagos irodalomkent Kuhn: The
Copernican Revolution c. munkaja (amely A tudomanyos forradalmak
szerkezete elotanulmanyanak tekintheto).
A szeminarium szervezoje: E. Szabo Laszlo
--
Laszlo E. Szabo
Department of Theoretical Physics
Department of History and Philosophy of Science
Eotvos University, Budapest
H-1518 Budapest, Pf. 32.
Phone: (36-1)2090-555/6671
Fax: (36-1)372-2509
Home: (36-1)200-7318
http://hps.elte.hu/~leszabo
****** Evolution of Language Conference ******
Paris, 3-6 April
CALL FOR PARTICIPATION
This is the third conference in a series concerned with the
evolutionary emergence of speech. From a wide range of disciplines, we
seek to attract researchers willing to integrate their perspectives
with those of modern Darwinism.
The aim is to bring together linguists, computer scientists,
anthropologists, palaeontologists, ethologists, geneticists,
neuroscientists, and other scientists who are concerned with the
question of the origin and evolution of language.
All useful information (scientific programme, registration information)
can be found at the following address:
http://www.infres.enst.fr/confs/evolang
Scientific programme:
http://www.infres.enst.fr/confs/evolang/program.html
Registration information:
http://www.infres.enst.fr/confs/evolang/registration.html
You may send a message to:
evolang-registration(a)cwtfrance.com
or write to
Wagonlit Evenements, 16, Rue Ballu - 75009 Paris, France
We invite you to consider sending your registration before March 15 to
benefit from reduced rates (155 Euros, instead of 230 Euros after this
date). The number of available places is limited, and priority will be
given to early registrations.
Jean-Louis Dessalles
=================================================
Conference : The Evolution of Language
April 3rd - 6th , 2000
Ecole Nationale Superieure des Telecommunications
Paris - France
http://www.infres.enst.fr/confs/evolang
=================================================
---------------------------------------------------------------
The 4 target article whose abstracts appear below have recently
appeared in PSYCOLOQUY, a refereed online journal of Open Peer
Commentary sponsored by the American Psychological Association.
OPEN PEER COMMENTARY on these target article is now invited.
Qualified professional biobehavioural, neural or cognitive
scientists should consult PSYCOLOQUY's Websites or send email
(below) for Instructions if not familiar with format or acceptance
criteria for commentaries (all submissions are refereed).
To submit articles or to seek information:
EMAIL: psyc(a)pucc.princeton.edu
URLs: http://www.princeton.edu/~harnad/psyc.htmlhttp://www.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/psyc
1.
Place, Ullin T. (2000) The Role of the gand in the Evolution of
Language. Psycoloquy: 11(007) Language Gesture (1)
http://www.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/cgi/psyc/newpsy?11.007
THE ROLE OF THE HAND IN THE EVOLUTION OF LANGUAGE
Target Article on Language Origins
Ullin T. Place
School of Philosophy
University of Leeds
School of Psychology
University of Wales,
Bangor, Wales
UK
ABSTRACT: This target article has four sections. Section I sets
out four principles which should guide any attempt to reconstruct
the evolution of an existing biological characteristic. Section II
sets out thirteen principles specific to a reconstruction of the
evolution of language. Section III sets out eleven pieces of
evidence for the view that vocal language must have been preceded
by an earlier language of gesture. Based on those principles and
evidence, Section IV sets out seven proposed stages in the process
whereby language evolved: (1) the use of mimed movement to indicate
an action to be performed, (2) the development of referential
pointing which, when combined with mimed movement, leads to a
language of gesture, (3) the development of vocalisation, initially
as a way of imitating the calls of animals, (4) counting on the
fingers leading into (5) the development of symbolic as distinct
from iconic representation, (6) the introduction of the practice of
question and answer, and (7) the emergence of syntax as a way of
disambiguating utterances that can otherwise be disambiguated only
by gesture.
2.
Crow, Timothy J. (2000) Did Homo Sapiens Speciate on the y
Chromosome?. Psycoloquy: 11(001) Language sex Chromosomes (1)
http://www.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/cgi/psyc/newpsy?11.001
DID HOMO SAPIENS SPECIATE ON THE Y CHROMOSOME?
Target Article on Language-Sex-Chromosomes
Timothy J. Crow
POWIC
University of Oxford
Department of Psychiatry
Warneford Hospital
Oxford OX3 7JX
United Kingdom
tim.crow(a)psychiatry.oxford.ac.uk
ABSTRACT: It is hypothesised that the critical change (a
"saltation") in the transition from a precursor hominid to modern
Homo sapiens occurred in a gene for cerebral lateralisation located
on the Y chromosome in a block of sequences that had earlier
transposed from the X. Sexual selection acting upon an X-Y
homologous gene to determine the relative rates of development of
the hemispheres across the antero-posterior axis ("cerebral
torque") allowed language to evolve as a species-specific mate
recognition system. Human evolution may exemplify a general role
for sex chromosomal change in speciation events in sexually
reproducing organisms.
3.
Burling, Robbins (1999) The Cognitive Prerequisites for Language.
Psycoloquy: 10(032) Language Prerequisites (1)
http://www.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/cgi/psyc/newpsy?10.032
THE COGNITIVE PREREQUISITES FOR LANGUAGE
Target Article on Language-Prerequisites
Robbins Burling
Department of Anthropology
1020 LSA Building
University of Michigan
Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA
rburling(a)umich.edu
ABSTRACT: The first use of words by our early ancestors probably
depended on four cognitive capacities: A rich conceptual
understanding of the world around us; the ability to use and
understand motivated signs, both icons and indices; the ability to
imitate; the ability to infer the referential intentions of others.
The latter three capacities are rare or absent in nonprimate
mammals, but incipient in apes and well developed in modern humans.
Before early humans could have begun to use words these capacities
would have needed further development than is found in modern apes.
It is not clear why selection favoured these skills more strongly
in our ancestors than in the ancestors of apes.
4.
Bichakjian, Bernard H. (1999) Language Evolution and the Complexity
Criterion. Psycoloquy: 10(033) Language Complexity (1)
http://www.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/cgi/psyc/newpsy?10.033
LANGUAGE EVOLUTION AND THE COMPLEXITY CRITERION
Target Article on Language-Complexity
Bernard H. Bichakjian
Department of French
University of Nijmegen,
The Netherlands
Bichakjian(a)let.kun.nl
http://welcome.to/bichakjian
ABSTRACT: Though it is increasingly accepted in the behavioral
sciences, the evolutionary approach is still meeting resistance in
linguistics. Linguists generally cling to the idea that alternative
linguistic features are simply gratuitous variants of one another,
while the advocates of innate grammars, who make room for evolution
as a biological process, exclude the evolution of languages. The
rationale given is that today's languages are all complex systems.
This argument is based on the failure to distinguish between
complexities of form and function. The proper analysis reveals
instead that linguistic features have consistently decreased their
material complexity, while increasing their functionality. A
systematic historical survey will show instead that languages have
evolved and linguistic features have developed along a Darwinian
line.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Prof. Stevan Harnad psyc(a)pucc.princeton.edu
Editor, Psycoloquy phone: +44 23-80 592-582
Department of Electronics & fax: +44 23-80 593-281
Computer Science http://www.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/psyc
University of Southampton http://www.princeton.edu/~harnad/psyc.html
Highfield, Southampton ftp://ftp.princeton.edu/pub/harnad/Psycoloquy
SO17 1BJ UNITED KINGDOM news:sci.psychology.journals.psycoloquy
Sponsored by the American Psychological Association (APA)
Rejected message: sent to koglist(a)cogpsyphy.hu by
SCHOOL(a)COGS.NBU.ACAD.BG follows.
Reason for rejection: sender not subscribed.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
We would like to remind you that the deadline for application is April 3rd.
7th International Summer School
in
Cognitive Science
Sofia, New Bulgarian University, July 10 - 30, 2000
Courses:
=85 Distributed representations and gradual learning processes in
cognition =
-
Jay McClelland (Carnegie Mellon University, USA)
=85 Connectionist models of language processing - Jeff Elman (University of
California, San Diego, USA)
=85 Brain Organization of Human Memory and Thought - John Gabrieli (Stanford
University)
=85 Cognitive Development - Graeme Halford (University of Queensland)
=85 The Human Conceptual System - Lawrence W. Barsalou (Emory University)
=85 Topics in Vision Science - Stephen E. Palmer (University of California,
Berkeley)
=85 Cognitive Science: A Basic Science for an Applied Science of
Learning -
John T. Bruer (James S. McDonnell Foundation)
=85 Psychological Scaling - Encho Gerganov (New Bulgarian University)
=85 Research Methods in Psycholinguistics - Elena Andonova (New Bulgarian
University)
=85 Research Methods in Memory and Thinking - Boicho Kokinov (New Bulgarian
University)
Organised by
New Bulgarian University, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, and Bulgarian
Society for Cognitive Science
Sponsored by the Open Society Institute in Budapest - HESP Program
International Advisory Board
Participation
Participants will be selected by a Selection Committee on the bases of
their submitted documents:
=85 application form (see at the Web page),
=85 CV,
=85 statement of purpose,
=85 copy of diploma; if student - academic transcript
=85 letter of recommendation,
=85 list of publications (if any) and short summary of up to three of them.
Apply as soon as possible since the number of participants is restricted.
=46or more information look at:
http://www.nbu.bg/cogs/events/ss2000.html
Housing and Fees
The Organizing Committee has been able to sign a contract with a
hostel/dormitory and is able to provide accommodation at very favorable
prices. However, the participants have to pay the whole sum in advance to
the organizing committee. This fee includes accommodation and full board
for the period July 9-31, as well as participation in all courses,
participant symposia, panel discussions, student sessions. We will offer
alternative possibilities for accommodation in single rooms in 2 and 3 star
hotels at higher prices.
The meals for all participants will be together independently of the
accommodation choice thus allowing for better social interactions and
continuation of the discussions started in classes.
The registration fee which includes accommodation and meal for 3 weeks
(from the evening of July 9 till the Morning of July 31st), two bus trips,
reception, teaching materials and tuition are the following:
=85 hostel "CIURK" USD 630
=85 **Hotel USD
=85 ***Hotel USD
=46inancial Support
Soros' Open Society Institute - Budapest has kindly provided support for
young faculty members from Central and Eastern Europe (Poland, Hungary,
Czech Republic, Slovakia, Rumania, Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia, Yugoslavia,
Albania, Macedonia) as well as from the former Soviet Union (Russia,
Belorussia, Ukraine, Lithuania, Estonia, Latvia, Armenia, Uzbekistan,
Kazahstan, Tadjikistan, Turkmenistan, Kirgistan, Azarbedgian, Moldova). The
scholarships cover tuition, travel, and living expenses. Participants from
other countries should find locally support for their participation.
Deadline for application: April 3rd
Notification of acceptance: April 24th.
Methods of Payment
Bank transfer to:
New Bulgarian University - CogSci2000,
Bank account 11-600-52-913,
Raiffeisen Bank, Sofia, 18-20 Gogol Street,
Bank code: 155-91-550,
SWIFT: RZBBBGSS
(transfer fees should be prepaid).
Check made payable to New Bulgarian University (add USD10 processing fee)
Pay in cash (in USD only) at on site registration, in this case add USD100
for late registration.
Cancellations and Reimbursement
If you cancel your registration before June 30 you will be refunded with a
15% reduction, afterwards no refunding will be possible.
ELTE TTK Tudomanytortenet es Tudomanyfilozofia Tanszek
Budapest, Pazmany P. setany 1/A
TUDOMANYFILOZOFIA SZEMINARIUM
(http://hps.elte.hu/seminar)
________________________________________________
2000, Aprilis
Április 3
12:30
6. em. 6.54
B a r r y L o e w e r
Rutgers University
Collegium Budapest
Many World and Many Mind Interpretations of Quantum Mechanics
After sketching the measurement problem -or what Philip Pearle more
aptly calls "the reality problem"- for quantum theory I show how Everett
and his successors attempt to deal with the problem by reinterpreting
the quantum state as describing many simultaneously existing worlds. I
will argue that the interpretation has many attractive features but
ultimately fails in providing an appropriate account of quantum
mechanical probabilities. An even stranger interpretation called "Many
minds" (due to Albert and Loewer) solves that problem but may be too
weird to be believable.
Április 10
12:30
6. em. 6.54
G u l y á s L á s z l ó
ELTE TTK, Informatikai Doktori Iskola
MTA SZTAKI, Mesterséges Intelligencia Laboratórium
Koordináció multi-ágens rendszerekben
A több - akár egymástól független - ágensbol (az egyszeruség kedvéért,
pongyolán: cselekvobol) álló rendszereket multi-ágens rendszereknek
nevezzük. Meglehetosen általános definícióról lévén szó, multi-ágens
rendszerekkel igen gyakran találkozunk a bennünket körülvevo mind
természetes, mind mesterséges környezetben. Ilyen rendszert alkot
például az emberi társadalom maga, a gazdaság szereploi, de akár egy
kisebb csoport is. Ugyancsak ide sorolhatók a rovartársadalmak és egyéb
állatkolóniák is. E rendszerek esetében az egyik legfontosabb,
legérdekesebb folyamat a koordináció. Ez az a mechanizmus, melynek
segítségével a rendszer szereploinek tevékenysége összehangolódik a
külso korlátok betartása, illetve valamilyen közös cél elérése
"érdekében". Ide tartozik a hangyák élelemkeresésének mikéntje, a
vállalatok irányítása, de pl. a vastaps spontán kialakulása is. A
hálózatok és az elosztottság ideájának terjedésével a multi-ágens
rendszerek egyre gyakoribbak a számítógépes világban is. Ez
hagyományosan elsosorban kliens-szerver architektúrát, illetve elosztott
problémamegoldást (a szereplok egyazon probléma megoldásán fáradoznak)
jelent. Az internet, s - vele együtt - a "nyílt hálózat" gondolatának
megjelenésével azonban egyre inkább elotérbe kerültek az egymástól
független, csak részben közös célokkal rendelkezo, vagy akár
ellenérdekelt szereplokbol álló rendszerek. E rendszerek esetében
különösen fontos a koordináció vizsgálata, hiszen a korlátok betartása,
illetve a közös feladatok elvégzése csak abban az esetben garantálható,
ha a rendszer minden, a koordináció szempontjából fontos részletet
tartalmaz. Az eloadásban a természetes (azaz nem-számítógépes)
rendszerek fobb koordinációs mechanizmusait tekintjük át, felvillantva a
mesterséges (azaz számítógépes) multi-ágens rendszerek építésekor
felhasználható fobb módszereket. A jelenleg létezo konkrét számítógépes
technikákra csak röviden térünk ki, s akkor is csupán abból a célból,
hogy érzékeltessük: van még elvégzendo feladat.
Április 17
12:30
6. em. 6.54
K a r l - G e o r g S c h l e s i n g e r
University of Wuppertal
Quantization in mathematics
Quantization, a topic as everybody knows coming from physics, is more
and more entering pure mathematics in the sense of quantization
mathematical structures themselves. The approach of deformation
quantization does presently seem to be the most successful and
deformation quantization of mathematical structures - from topological
spaces and manifolds over groups to special functions - is everywhere
present. We present an overview, focusing on the general ideas of this
approach and leaving out the technical details. Quite separate from the
modern approaches, there is the old idea of Birkhoff and von Neumann
that quantum theory leads to the introduction of a nonclassical logic
and that one should develop a corresponding quantum set theory. We give
heuristic arguments showing that it seems indeed to be possible to view
the modern quantum deformation theory as doing mathematics in such a
quantum set theory.
A szeminarium szervezoje: E. Szabo Laszlo
--
Laszlo E. Szabo
Department of Theoretical Physics
Department of History and Philosophy of Science
Eotvos University, Budapest
H-1518 Budapest, Pf. 32.
Phone: (36-1)2090-555/6671
Fax: (36-1)372-2509
Home: (36-1)200-7318
http://hps.elte.hu/~leszabo
ELTE TTK Tudomanytortenet es Tudomanyfilozofia Tanszek
Budapest, Pazmany P. setany 1/A
TUDOMANYFILOZOFIA SZEMINARIUM
(http://hps.elte.hu/seminar)
________________________________________________
Marcius 20
12:30
6. em. 6.54
Z o l t a n S z a b o
Cornell University
Ontological commitment
On what basis can we say that someone admits into his ontology numbers,
mental states, propositions, events, or other dubious entities? The
classical answer to this question is due to Quine: ontological
commitment to Fs (where 'F' is an arbitrary one-place predicate) is the
acceptance of the truth a theory that logically entails that there are
Fs. In my talk I will argue against this Quinean position. I will
contend that for some predicates 'F' it is possible for a rational and
reflective person to believe that there are Fs and at the same time not
to believe in Fs. If my contention is correct, there might be a way to
articulate ontological doubts regarding certain sorts of problematic
entities without repudiating our scientific and commonsense views which
demand their existence.
A szeminarium szervezoje: E. Szabo Laszlo
--
Laszlo E. Szabo
Department of Theoretical Physics
Department of History and Philosophy of Science
Eotvos University, Budapest
H-1518 Budapest, Pf. 32.
Phone: (36-1)2090-555/6671
Fax: (36-1)372-2509
Home: (36-1)200-7318
http://hps.elte.hu/~leszabo
The following paper is available at:
http://www.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Papers/Harnad/harnad00.turing.html
Comments welcome.
Harnad, S. (2001) Minds, Machines and Turing: The Indistinguishability
of Indistinguishables. Journal of Logic, Language, and Information
(special issue on "Alan Turing and Artificial Intelligence")
http://www.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Papers/Harnad/harnad00.turing.html
MINDS, MACHINES AND TURING:
THE INDISTINGUISHABILITY OF INDISTINGUISHABLES
Stevan Harnad
Department of Electronics and Computer Science
University of Southampton
Highfield, Southampton
SO17 1BJ UNITED KINGDOM
harnad(a)cogsci.soton.ac.uk
http://www.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/
ABSTRACT: Turing's celebrated 1950 paper proposes a very general
methodological criterion for modelling mental function: total
functional equivalence and indistinguishability. His criterion
gives rise to a hierarchy of Turing Tests, from subtotal ("toy")
fragments of our functions (t1), to total symbolic (pen-pal)
function (T2 -- the standard Turing Test), to total external
sensorimotor (robotic) function (T3), to total internal
microfunction (T4), to total indistinguishability in every
empirically discernible respect (T5). This is a
"reverse-engineering" hierarchy of (decreasing) empirical
underdetermination of the theory by the data. Level t1 is clearly
too underdetermined, T2 is vulnerable to a counterexample (Searle's
Chinese Room Argument), and T4 and T5 are arbitrarily
overdetermined. Hence T3 is the appropriate target level for
cognitive science. When it is reached, however, there will still
remain more unanswerable questions than when Physics reaches its
Grand Unified Theory of Everything (GUTE), because of the mind/body
problem and the other-minds problem, both of which are inherent in
this empirical domain, even though Turing hardly mentions them.
KEYWORDS: cognitive neuroscience, cognitive science, computation,
computationalism, consciousness, dynamical systems,
epiphenomenalism, intelligence, machines, mental models, mind/body
problem, other minds problem, philosophy of science, qualia,
reverse engineering, robotics, Searle, symbol grounding, theory of
mind, thinking,Turing, underdetermination, Zombies.
