ELTE TTK Tudomanytortenet es Tudomanyfilozofia Tanszek
Budapest, Pazmany P. setany 1/A
TUDOMANYFILOZOFIA SZEMINARIUM
(http://hps.elte.hu/seminar)
________________________________________________
Marcius 19.
16:00
6. em. 6.54
P e e t e r M u u r s e p p
The University of Mainor
Tallinn, Estonia
Chaos, Irreversibility and Indeterminism
There is a debate going on concerning the nature of science of today
that centres round theproblems of chaos, irreversibility and
indeterminism. The debate has been provoked by theworks of Ilya
Prigogine, who advocates a principal turn in science during the last
decadesof XX-th century. The claims of Ilya Prigogine have been
criticised by Jean Bricmont, whorefuses to recognise the novelty of the
approach of I. Prigogine. It seems, however, that J.Bricmont has not hit
the target with his criticism. Putting it somewhat roughly, the main
reason of I. Bricmont's misfire seems to be his concentration on the
problem of determinism,whereas the heart of the matter lies in
irreversibility. Therefore, the aim of the talk is clarifying the issues
of indeterminism and irreversibility in the light of the debate
mentioned above. It isuseful to fulfil this purpose by addressing the
nature of the different types of chaos,deterministic and quantum.
Although the main source of the discussion is contemporary, Ineed to
take a short look back at the ideas of Ludwig
Boltzmann, whose works have clearlyinspired both of the debating
parties.
A szeminarium szervezoje: E. Szabo Laszlo
--
Laszlo E. Szabo
Department of Theoretical Physics
Department of History and Philosophy of Science
Eotvos University, Budapest
H-1518 Budapest, Pf. 32, Hungary
Phone/Fax: (36-1)372-2924
Home: (36-1) 200-7318
Mobil/SMS: (36) 20-366-1172
http://hps.elte.hu/~leszabo
Non-member submission from ["Dr. Ron Sun"]
-----
Date: Fri, 9 Mar 2001 18:09:36 -0600
From: "Dr. Ron Sun" <rsun(a)pc113.cecs.missouri.edu>
To: rsun(a)cecs.missouri.edu
Subject: new papers on cognitive models available
Announcing several papers on cognitive modeling and cognitive architectures
based on hybrid reinforcement learning --- the CLARION model:
A paper on cognitive modeling using CLARION:
--------------------------------------------------
>From Implicit Skills to Explicit Knowledge: A Bottom-Up Model of Skill Learning
Ron Sun
Edward Merrill
Todd Peterson
To appear in: Cognitive Science, Vol.25, No.2. March 2001.
http://www.cecs.missouri.edu/~rsun/sun.CS99.pshttp://www.cecs.missouri.edu/~rsun/sun.CS99.pdf
ABSTRACT
This paper presents a skill learning model CLARION. Different from
existing models of mostly high-level skill learning that use a top-down
approach (that is, turning declarative knowledge into procedural knowledge
through practice), we adopt a bottom-up approach toward low-level skill
learning, where procedural knowledge develops first and
declarative knowledge develops later. Our model is formed
by integrating connectionist, reinforcement, and symbolic learning
methods to perform on-line reactive learning. It adopts a two-level
dual-representation framework (Sun 1995), with a combination of localist
and distributed representation. We compare the model with human data in
a minefield navigation task, demonstrating some match between the model
and human data in several respects.
A new paper on consciousness:
--------------------------------------------------
Computation, Reduction, and Teleology of Consciousness
Ron Sun
To appear in: {\it Cognitive Systems Research}, Vol.1, No.4, 2001.
http://www.cecs.missouri.edu/~rsun/sun.jcsr-cons10.pshttp://www.cecs.missouri.edu/~rsun/sun.jcsr-cons10.pdf
ABSTRACT
This paper aims to explore mechanistic and teleological explanations
of consciousness. In terms of mechanistic explanations, it
critiques various existing views, especially those
embodied by existing computational cognitive models.
In this regard, the paper argues in favor of the explanation
based on the distinction between localist (symbolic) representation and
distributed representation (as formulated in
the connectionist literature), which reduces the phenomenological
difference to a mechanistic difference. Furthermore, to establish a
teleological explanation of consciousness,
the paper discusses the issue of the functional role of consciousness
on the basis of the afore-mentioned mechanistic explanation.
A proposal based on synergistic interaction between the conscious and
the unconscious is advanced that encompasses various existing views
concerning the functional roles of consciousness.
This two-step deepening explanation has some empirical support,
in the form of a cognitive model and various cognitive data that it
captures.
Also, a previous paper on accounting for consciousness computationally:
--------------------------------------------------
Accounting for the Computational Basis of Consciousness: A Connectionist
Approach
Ron Sun
Appeared in: Consciousness and Cognition, 1999.
http://www.cecs.missouri.edu/~rsun/sun.CC99.pshttp://www.cecs.missouri.edu/~rsun/sun.CC99.pdf
ABSTRACT
This paper argues for an explanation of the mechanistic
(computational) basis of consciousness that is based on the
distinction between localist (symbolic) representation and
distributed representation, the ideas of which have been put
forth in the connectionist literature. A model is developed
to substantiate and test this approach. The paper also explores
the issue of the functional roles of consciousness,
in relation to the proposed mechanistic explanation of consciousness.
The model, embodying the representational difference, is able
to account for the functional role of consciousness, in the form
of the synergy between the conscious and the unconscious.
The fit between the model and various cognitive phenomena and data
(documented in the psychological literatures) is discussed to
accentuate the plausibility of the model and its explanation of
consciousness. Comparisons with existing models of consciousness
are made in the end.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Symbol Grounding: A New Look At An Old Idea
by Ron Sun
Appeared in: Philosophical Psychology, Vol.13, No.2, pp.149-172. 2000.
http://www.cecs.missouri.edu/~rsun/sun.PP00.pshttp://www.cecs.missouri.edu/~rsun/sun.PP00.pdf
ABSTRACT
Symbols should be grounded, as has been argued before.
But we insist that they should be grounded not only in subsymbolic
activities, but also in the interaction between the agent and the
world. The point is that concepts are not formed
in isolation (from the world), in abstraction, or ``objectively".
They are formed in relation to the experience of agents,
through their perceptual/motor apparatuses, in their world and
linked to their goals and actions.
In this paper, we will take a detailed look at this relatively old issue,
using a new perspective, aided by our work of computational cognitive
model development.
Finally, a previous paper on computational aspects of the model:
---------------------------------
Autonomous Learning of Sequential Tasks: Experiments and Analyses
by Ron Sun, Todd Peterson
Appeared in: IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks, Vol.9, No.6,
pp.1217-1234. November, 1998.
http://www.cecs.missouri.edu/~rsun/sun.tnn98.ps
ABSTRACT:
This paper presents a novel learning model CLARION, which is a
hybrid model based on the two-level approach proposed in Sun (1995).
The model integrates neural, reinforcement, and symbolic learning
methods to perform on-line, bottom-up learning (i.e.,
learning that goes from neural to symbolic representations).
The model utilizes both procedural and declarative knowledge
(in neural and symbolic representations respectively),
tapping into the synergy of the two types of processes.
It was applied to deal with sequential decision tasks.
Experiments and analyses in various ways are reported
that shed light on the advantages of the model.
===========================================================================
Prof. Ron Sun http://www.cecs.missouri.edu/~rsun
CECS Department phone: (573) 884-7662
University of Missouri-Columbia fax: (573) 882 8318
201 Engineering Building West
Columbia, MO 65211-2060 email: rsun(a)cecs.missouri.edu
http://www.cecs.missouri.edu/~rsunhttp://www.cecs.missouri.edu/~rsun/journal.htmlhttp://www.cecs.missouri.edu/~rsun/clarion.html
===========================================================================
Fizikus, Filozofus es Matematikus hallgatok valamint PhD diakok meg
jelentkezhetnek!
NATO ADVANCED RESEARCH WORKSHOP:
Modality, Probability, and Bell's Theorems
Cracow (Poland) in Aug. 19-24, 2001
Tovabbi reszletek: http://hps.elte.hu/events/events.htm
--
Laszlo E. Szabo
Department of Theoretical Physics
Department of History and Philosophy of Science
Eotvos University, Budapest
H-1518 Budapest, Pf. 32, Hungary
Phone/Fax: (36-1)372-2924
Home: (36-1) 200-7318
Mobil/SMS: (36) 20-366-1172
http://hps.elte.hu/~leszabo
ELTE TTK Tudomanytortenet es Tudomanyfilozofia Tanszek
Budapest, Pazmany P. setany 1/A
TUDOMANYFILOZOFIA SZEMINARIUM
(http://hps.elte.hu/seminar)
________________________________________________
Marcius 12.
16:00
6. em. 6.54
G y o r g y M a r k u s
CEU, Budapest, Philosophy Program
University of Sydney
Condorcet: Communication/Science/Democracy
Condorcet is usually regarded as the last footnote to the history of
French Enlightenment.The paper - an
attempt at his "rehabilitation" - tries to disclose the conceptual
connectionsbetween his philosophy of
history, his views of science as simultaneously an epistemic andsocial
formation, and his political
philosophy. His ideas not only prefigure some more contemporary theories
- his dispute with Rousseau
represents the first great confrontationbetween the two great cultural
trends of modernity, between (the
broadly understood)"Enlightenment" and "Romanticism".
A szeminarium szervezoje: E. Szabo Laszlo
--
Laszlo E. Szabo
Department of Theoretical Physics
Department of History and Philosophy of Science
Eotvos University, Budapest
H-1518 Budapest, Pf. 32, Hungary
Phone/Fax: (36-1)372-2924
Home: (36-1) 200-7318
Mobil/SMS: (36) 20-366-1172
http://hps.elte.hu/~leszabo
Kedves erdeklodok
KOVACS ILONA es KALDY ZSUZSANNA
AZ ESZLELES FEJLODES
kurzus elso tombositett orai Szegeden
marcius 13 es 14-en 10-12 es 14-16
oraig lesznek az Irinyi belso laborban.
(A masik tomb marcius 26/28 kozott, ugyanott)
Az orakkal kapcsolatos info a kovetkezo
web oldalon van:
http://zeus.rutgers.edu/~ikovacs/szeged2001.html
A cikkek innen letolthetok. A jelentkezoket kerem, hogy
e-maliben regisztralodjanak.
Tovabbi kerdeseket ide irjatok:
Nemeth Dezso nemethd(a)sol.cc.u-szeged.hu
Ilona Kovacs <ikovacs(a)cyclops.rutgers.edu>
udv,
Dezso
Central European University
_________________________________
Two public lectures presented by the
Philosophy PhD Program
and the
Department of Political Science:
T h o m a s N a g e l
New York University
(http://www.nyu.edu/gsas/dept/philo/faculty/nagel/)
The Psychophysical Nexus
TURSDAY, MARCH 8, 4:30 p.m.
Location: CEU Nador u. 9. Bldg, Gellner Room
_________________
Justice in Taxation
FRIDAY, MARCH 9, 4:30 p.m.
Location: Nador u. 9. Bldg, Gellner Room
--
Laszlo E. Szabo
Department of Theoretical Physics
Department of History and Philosophy of Science
Eotvos University, Budapest
H-1518 Budapest, Pf. 32, Hungary
Phone/Fax: (36-1)372-2924
Home: (36-1) 200-7318
Mobil/SMS: (36) 20-366-1172
http://hps.elte.hu/~leszabo
ELTE TTK Tudomanytortenet es Tudomanyfilozofia Tanszek
Budapest, Pazmany P. setany 1/A
TUDOMANYFILOZOFIA SZEMINARIUM
(http://hps.elte.hu/seminar)
________________________________________________
Marcius 5.
16:00
6. em. 6.54
C s a b a F e r e n c
ELTE, BTK Filozofiai Intezet, Logika Tanszek
Godel nemteljessegi tetelei
Az eloadas elso feleben, a technikai reszletek esszeru adagolasaval
attekintjuk a godeli gomdolatmenetet, kiemelve a logikai komplexitas
fogalmanak jelentoseget, s kiterve nehany kesobbi fejlemenyre is. A
masodik reszben nehany, a tetelek altal felvetett filozofiai kerdesrol
lesz szo. Az egyik a matematikai igazsag fogalmanak letjogosultsaga es a
tetelek bizonyitasaban jatszott szerepe. Godel: "(A)z eldonthetetlen
matematikai allitasok megkonstrualasanak heurisztikus alapelve az
objektiv matematikai igazsag alapvetoen transzfinit fogalma volt." A
masik a "mechanizmus es optimizmus''
kerdeskor, amely az utobbi evtizedekben ujra es ujra felmerult, de nem
mindig mas megvilagitasban.
Godel: "A matematika vagy lenyege szerint befejezhetetlen, abban az
ertelemben, hogy evidens axiomai soha nem ragadhatok meg valamely veges
szabaly segitsegevel, vagyis az emberi elme (meg a tiszta matematika
teruleten is) vegtelenul meghaladja barmely veges gep
teljesitokepesseget, vagy pedig leteznek (...) abszolut megoldhatatlan
diofantikus problemak (az sem zarhato ki, hogy a ket lehetoseg
mindegyike fennall, igy szigoruan veve harom alternativaval van
dolgunk)."
A szeminarium szervezoje: E. Szabo Laszlo
--
Laszlo E. Szabo
Department of Theoretical Physics
Department of History and Philosophy of Science
Eotvos University, Budapest
H-1518 Budapest, Pf. 32, Hungary
Phone/Fax: (36-1)372-2924
Home: (36-1) 200-7318
Mobil/SMS: (36) 20-366-1172
http://hps.elte.hu/~leszabo
Review of:
Antonio Damasio:
The Feeling of What Happens
Gerald M. Edelman and Giulio Tononi:
A Universe of Consciousness
Colin McGinn
The Mysterious Flame
Michael Tomasello
Cultural Origins of Human Cognition
Jerry A. Fodor
The Mind Doesn't Work That Way
To appear in The Sciences New York Academy of Sciences, April 2001 k
http://www.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Tp/bookrev.htm
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Stevan Harnad harnad(a)cogsci.soton.ac.uk
Professor of Cognitive Science harnad(a)princeton.edu
Department of Electronics and phone: +44 23-80 592-582
Computer Science fax: +44 23-80 592-865
University of Southampton http://www.cogsci.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/
Highfield, Southampton http://www.princeton.edu/~harnad/
SO17 1BJ UNITED KINGDOM
Csaba Pleh Pleh Csaba
Cognitive Science Group Megismerestudomanyi Csoport
Department of Psychology Pszichologiai Tanszek
University of Szeged Szegedi Tudomanyegyetem
Szeged
Petofi sgt 30-34, 6722 Hungary
Telefon/Phone: (36)(62) 544691
Lakas/Home: Budakeszi Zichy P. u. 4 2092 Hungary
(36)(23) 453932 or 933
Fax: (36(23)453932
Mobile: (0620) 3278922
WEB: http://www.jate.u-szeged.hu/~pleh
Hungarian Review of Psychology Magyar Pszichologiai Szemle
editor foszerkeszto
---------- Forwarded message ----------
Date: Wed, 28 Feb 2001 06:22:20 -0000
From: Ian Pitchford <ian.pitchford(a)scientist.com>
To: evolutionary-psychology(a)yahoogroups.com
Subject: [evol-psych] Claude Shannon, Father of Information Theory, Dies at 84
Murray Hill, N.J. (Feb. 26, 2001) -- Claude Elwood Shannon, the mathematician
who laid the foundation of modern information theory while working at Bell Labs
in the 1940s, died on Saturday. He was 84.
Shannon's theories are as relevant today as they were when he first formulated
them. "It was truly visionary thinking," said Arun Netravali, president of
Lucent Technologies' Bell Labs. "As if assuming that inexpensive, high-speed
processing would come to pass, Shannon figured out the upper limits on
communication rates. First in telephone channels, then in optical
communications, and now in wireless, Shannon has had the utmost value in
defining the engineering limits we face."
In 1948 Shannon published his landmark A Mathematical Theory of Communication.
He begins this pioneering paper on information theory by observing that "the
fundamental problem of communication is that of reproducing at one point either
exactly or approximately a message selected at another point." He then proceeds
to so thoroughly establish the foundations of information theory that his
framework and terminology remain standard.
Shannon's theory was an immediate success with communications engineers and
stimulated the technology which led to today's Information Age.
Shannon published many more provocative and influential articles in a variety
of disciplines. His master's thesis, A Symbolic Analysis of Relay and Switching
Circuits, used Boolean algebra to establish the theoretical underpinnings of
digital circuits. This work has broad significance because digital circuits are
fundamental to the operation of modern computers and telecommunications
systems.
Another example is Shannon's 1949 paper entitled Communication Theory of
Secrecy Systems. This work is now generally credited with transforming
cryptography from an art to a science.
Shannon was born in Petoskey, Michigan, on April 30, 1916. He graduated from th
e University of Michigan in 1936 with bachelor's degrees in mathematics and
electrical engineering. In 1940 he earned both a master's degree in electrical
engineering and a Ph.D. in mathematics from the Massachusetts Institute of
Technology (MIT).
Shannon joined the mathematics department at Bell Labs in 1941 and remained
affiliated with the Labs until 1972. He became a visiting professor at MIT in
1956, a permanent member of the faculty in 1958, and a professor emeritus in
1978.
Shannon was renowned for his eclectic interests and capabilities. A favorite
story describes him juggling while riding a unicycle down the halls of Bell
Labs.
He designed and built chess-playing, maze-solving, juggling and mind-reading
machines. These activities bear out Shannon's claim that he was more motivated
by curiosity than usefulness.
In his words "I just wondered how things were put together."
For more information on Claude Shannon, please see Information Theory
[From: http://www.bell-labs.com/news/2001/february/26/1.html]
Additional information in The Human Nature Daily Review
http://human-nature.com/nibbs/
Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
ELTE TTK Tudomanytortenet es Tudomanyfilozofia Tanszek
Budapest, Pazmany P. setany 1/A
TUDOMANYFILOZOFIA SZEMINARIUM
(http://hps.elte.hu/seminar)
________________________________________________
2001, marcius
Marcius 5.
16:00
6. em. 6.54
C s a b a F e r e n c
ELTE, BTK Filozofiai Intezet, Logika Tanszek
Godel nemteljessegi tetelei
Az eloadas elso feleben, a technikai reszletek esszeru adagolasaval
attekintjuk a godeli
gomdolatmenetet, kiemelve a logikai komplexitas fogalmanak jelentoseget,
s kiterve nehany
kesobbi fejlemenyre is. A masodik reszben nehany, a tetelek altal
felvetett filozofiai kerdesrol
lesz szo. Az egyik a matematikai igazsag fogalmanak letjogosultsaga es
a tetelek
bizonyitasaban jatszott szerepe. Godel: "(A)z eldonthetetlen matematikai
allitasok
megkonstrualasanak heurisztikus alapelve az objektiv matematikai igazsag
alapvetoen
transzfinit fogalma volt." A masik a "mechanizmus es optimizmus''
kerdeskor, amely az utobbi
evtizedekben ujra es ujra felmerult, de nem mindig mas megvilagitasban.
Godel: "A matematika vagy lenyege szerint befejezhetetlen, abban az
ertelemben, hogy evidens axiomai soha nem ragadhatok meg valamely veges
szabaly segitsegevel, vagyis az emberi elme (meg a tiszta matematika
teruleten is) vegtelenul meghaladja barmely veges gep
teljesitokepesseget, vagy pedig leteznek (...) abszolut megoldhatatlan
diofantikus problemak
(az sem zarhato ki, hogy a ket lehetoseg mindegyike fennall, igy
szigoruan veve harom
alternativaval van dolgunk)."
Marcius 12.
16:00
6. em. 6.54
G y o r g y M a r k u s
CEU, Budapest, Philosophy Program
University of Sydney
Condorcet: Communication/Science/Democracy
Condorcet is usually regarded as the last footnote to the history of
French Enlightenment.The
paper - an attempt at his "rehabilitation" - tries to disclose the
conceptual
connectionsbetween his philosophy of history, his views of science as
simultaneously an
epistemic andsocial formation, and his political philosophy. His ideas
not only prefigure some
more contemporary theories - his dispute with Rousseau represents the
first great
confrontationbetween the two great cultural trends of modernity, between
(the broadly
understood)"Enlightenment" and "Romanticism".
Marcius 19.
16:00
6. em. 6.54
P e e t e r M u u r s e p p
The University of Mainor
Tallinn, Estonia
Chaos, Irreversibility and Indeterminism
There is a debate going on concerning the nature of science of today
that centres round
theproblems of chaos, irreversibility and indeterminism. The debate has
been provoked by
theworks of Ilya Prigogine, who advocates a principal turn in science
during the last
decadesof XX-th century. The claims of Ilya Prigogine have been
criticised by Jean Bricmont,
whorefuses to recognise the novelty of the approach of I. Prigogine. It
seems, however, that
J.Bricmont has not hit the target with his criticism. Putting it
somewhat roughly, the main
reason of I. Bricmont's misfire seems to be his concentration on the
problem of
determinism,whereas the heart of the matter lies in irreversibility.
Therefore, the aim of the talk
is clarifyingthe issues of indeterminism and irreversibility in the
light of the debate mentioned
above. It isuseful to fulfil this purpose by addressing the nature of
the different types of
chaos,deterministic and quantum. Although the main source of the
discussion is
contemporary, Ineed to take a short look back at the ideas of Ludwig
Boltzmann, whose works
have clearlyinspired both of the debating parties.
Marcius 26.
16:00
6. em. 6.54
N e n a d M i s c e v i c
CEU, Budapest, Philosophy Program
Philosophy Department, University of Maribor, Slovenia
TBA
A szeminarium szervezoje: E. Szabo Laszlo
--
Laszlo E. Szabo
Department of Theoretical Physics
Department of History and Philosophy of Science
Eotvos University, Budapest
H-1518 Budapest, Pf. 32, Hungary
Phone/Fax: (36-1)372-2924
Home: (36-1) 200-7318
Mobil/SMS: (36) 20-366-1172
http://hps.elte.hu/~leszabo
