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Gintis/Unifying the Behavioral Sciences: BBS Call for Commentators

by Behavioral & Brain Sciences

Below the proposal instructions please find the abstract, keywords, and a link to the full text of the forthcoming BBS target article: "A Framework for the Unification the Behavioral Sciences" Herbert Gintis This article has been accepted for publication in Behavioral and Brain Sciences (BBS), an international, interdisciplinary journal providing Open Peer Commentary on important and controversial current research in the biobehavioral and cognitive sciences. Commentators must be BBS Associates or suggested by a BBS Associate. To be considered as a commentator for this article, to suggest other appropriate commentators, or for information about how to become a BBS Associate, please reply by EMAIL no later than May 24, 2006: calls(a)bbsonline.org The Calls are sent to 10,000 BBS Associates, so there is no expectation (indeed, it would be calamitous) that each recipient should comment on every occasion! Hence there is no need to reply except if you wish to comment, or to suggest someone to comment. If you are not a BBS Associate, please approach a current BBS Associate (there are currently over 10,000 worldwide) who is familiar with your work to nominate you. All past BBS authors, referees and commentators are eligible to become BBS Associates. An electronic list of current BBS Associates is available at this location to help you select a name: http://www.bbsonline.org/Instructions/assoclist.html If no current BBS Associate knows your work, please send us your Curriculum Vitae and BBS will circulate it to appropriate Associates to ask whether they would be prepared to nominate you. (In the meantime, your name, address and email address will be entered into our database as an unaffiliated investigator.) ======================================================================= COMMENTARY PROPOSAL INSTRUCTIONS ======================================================================= To help us put together a balanced list of commentators, it would be most helpful if you would send us an indication of the relevant expertise you would bring to bear on the paper, and what aspect of the paper you would anticipate commenting upon. Please DO NOT prepare a commentary until you receive a formal invitation, indicating that it was possible to include your name on the final list, which is constructed so as to balance areas of expertise and frequency of prior commentaries in BBS. Please reply by EMAIL no later than May 24, 2006. ======================================================================= *** TARGET ARTICLE INFORMATION *** ======================================================================= TITLE: A Framework for the Unification the Behavioral Sciences AUTHORS: Herbert Gintis ABSTRACT: The various behavioral disciplines model human behavior in distinct and incompatible ways. Yet, recent theoretical and empirical developments have created the conditions for rendering coherent the areas of overlap of the various behavioral disciplines, as outlined in this paper. The analytical tools deployed in this task incorporate core principles from several behavioral disciplines. The proposed framework recognizes evolutionary theory, covering both genetic and cultural evolution, as the integrating principle of behavioral science. Moreover, if decision theory and game theory are broadened to encompass other-regarding preferences, they become capable of modeling all aspects of decision making, including those normally considered "psychological," "sociological" or "anthropological." The mind as a decision-making organ then becomes the organizing principle of psychology. KEYWORDS: Behavioral Science, Behavioral Game Theory, Evolutionary Theory, Experimental Psychology, Gene-Culture Coevolution, Rational Actor Model, Socialization FULL TEXT: http://www.bbsonline.org/Preprints/Gintis-12052005/Referees/ ======================================================================= SUPPLEMENTARY ANNOUNCEMENT ======================================================================= (1) Call for Book Nominations for BBS Multiple Book Review In the past, Behavioral and Brain Sciences (BBS) had only been able to do 1-2 BBS multiple book treatments per year, because of our limited annual page quota. BBS's new expanded page quota will make it possible for us to increase the number of books we treat per year, so this is an excellent time for BBS Associates and biobehavioral/cognitive scientists in general to nominate books you would like to see accorded BBS multiple book review. (Authors may self-nominate, but books can only be selected on the basis of multiple nominations.) It would be very helpful if you indicated in what way a BBS Multiple Book Review of the book(s) you nominate would be useful to the field (and of course a rich list of potential reviewers would be the best evidence of its potential impact!). *-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* Please note: Your email address has been added to our user database for Calls for Commentators, the reason you received this email. If you do not wish to receive further Calls, please feel free to change your mailshot status through your User Login link on the BBSPrints homepage, using your username and password. Or, email a response with the word "remove" in the subject line. *-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* Barbara Finlay - Editor Paul Bloom - Editor Behavioral and Brain Sciences bbs(a)bbsonline.org http://www.bbsonline.org -------------------------------------------------------------------

20 years, 1 month

kisgyerekek nyelvi kreativitasa

by Banreti Zoltan

Kedves Kollégák, Az MTA Nyelvtudományi Intézete Kisérletes nyelvészet programjában: május 4-én, csütörtökön 14 órától a földszinti előadóban (VI. benczúr. u. 33) Gábor Bálint (BME Kognitiv Tudomáyn Tnszék() előadása: Kisgyerekek morfológiai és szintaktikai produktivitása Az előadás absztraktja az alábbiakban olvasható. Minden érdeklődőt szeretettel várunk. Üdvözlettel, Bánréti ZOltán -------------------------- Kisgyerekek morfológiai és szintaktikai produktivitása Gábor Bálint BME Kognitív Tudomány Tanszék A nyelvelsajátítás kutatásának egyik legfontosabb kérdése, hogy milyen módon sajátítjuk el a nyelvtani szabályokat, szerkezeteket, és hogy a gyerekek nyelvtana milyen viszonyban áll a későbbi felnőtt nyelvtannal. A Chomsky-féle nativista hagyomány szerint minden ember veleszületetten magában hordozza a nyelvi képességet egy univerzális grammatika formájában. A folytonossági hipotézis szerint a gyerekeknek ugyanazon univerzális nyelvtan szerint kell beszélniük, mint ami a felnőtt nyelv hátterében is áll. A kognitív-funkcionális és a használat-alapú nyelvészet támogatói szerint viszont az absztrakt nyelvtani szabályok elsajátítása fokozatosan történik, hatékony területfüggetlen tanulási és szociális képességek (pl. disztribúcióelemzés, analógiafelismerés, szándéktulajdonítás) felhasználásával. E nézet szerint a kisgyermekek nyelvtana kb. három éves korig konkrét szavakhoz kötődő „ige- sziget” konstrukciókból áll, és csak később, fokozatosan alakulnak ki az egyre absztraktabb nyelvtani reprezentációk. Kisgyerekek nyelvtani produktivitásáról számos vizsgálatot találhatunk az irodalomban. Vajon a gyerekek absztrakt szerkezetűnek tűnő megszólalásai mögött tényleg mindig általános nyelvi reprezentáció áll? Egy lehetséges vizsgálati módszer, ha új (nem létező) szavakat tanítunk gyerekeknek, és ellenőrizzük, hogy azokat tudják-e olyan szerkezetekben használni, ill. megérteni, melyben nem hallották. Ha igen, akkor megállapíthatjuk, hogy a használt nyelvtani konstrukció általános arra az argumentumra nézve, amit az új szó betölt benne. Kísérleteinkben a fenti paradigma szerint vizsgáljuk magyar kisgyerekek morfológiai produktivitását új szavakkal (igékkel és főnevekkel), ill. ragokkal. Elemezzük a gyerekek életkorának, a tanult szó vagy rag szintaktikai kategóriájának és a nyelvi bemenet morfológiai változatosságának hatásait. Előadásomban egyrészt áttekintem az irodalomban található nyelvtani (főleg szintaktikai) produktivitásra vonatkozó korábbi empirikus vizsgálatokat, másrészt bemutatom saját morfológiai kutatásunkat és annak jelenlegi eredményeit. ---------------------- MTA Nyelvtudomanyi Intezete Research Institute for Linguistics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences H-1068 Budapest Benczúr u. 33 tel: 36-1-351-0413 fax: 36-1-322-9297 email: banreti(a)nytud.hu MTA Nyelvtudomanyi Intezete Research Institute for Linguistics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences H-1068 Budapest Benczúr u. 33 tel: 36-1-351-0413 fax: 36-1-322-9297 email: banreti(a)nytud.hu

20 years, 1 month

kisgyerekek nyelvi kreativitasa

by Banreti Zoltan

20 years, 1 month

Boyer & Lienard/Ritualized Behavior: BBS Call for Commentators

by Behavioral & Brain Sciences

Dear Dr. Qwerty, Below the proposal instructions please find the abstract, keywords, and a link to the full text of the forthcoming BBS target article: Why Ritualized Behavior? Precaution Systems and Action Parsing in Developmental, Pathological and Cultural Rituals Pascal Boyer & Pierre Lienard This article has been accepted for publication in Behavioral and Brain Sciences (BBS), an international, interdisciplinary journal providing Open Peer Commentary on important and controversial current research in the biobehavioral and cognitive sciences. Commentators must be BBS Associates or suggested by a BBS Associate. To be considered as a commentator for this article, to suggest other appropriate commentators, or for information about how to become a BBS Associate, please reply by EMAIL no later than May 23, 2006: calls(a)bbsonline.org The Calls are sent to 10,000 BBS Associates, so there is no expectation (indeed, it would be calamitous) that each recipient should comment on every occasion! Hence there is no need to reply except if you wish to comment, or to suggest someone to comment. If you are not a BBS Associate, please approach a current BBS Associate (there are currently over 10,000 worldwide) who is familiar with your work to nominate you. All past BBS authors, referees and commentators are eligible to become BBS Associates. An electronic list of current BBS Associates is available at this location to help you select a name: http://www.bbsonline.org/Instructions/assoclist.html If no current BBS Associate knows your work, please send us your Curriculum Vitae and BBS will circulate it to appropriate Associates to ask whether they would be prepared to nominate you. (In the meantime, your name, address and email address will be entered into our database as an unaffiliated investigator.) ======================================================================= COMMENTARY PROPOSAL INSTRUCTIONS ======================================================================= To help us put together a balanced list of commentators, it would be most helpful if you would send us an indication of the relevant expertise you would bring to bear on the paper, and what aspect of the paper you would anticipate commenting upon. Please DO NOT prepare a commentary until you receive a formal invitation, indicating that it was possible to include your name on the final list, which is constructed so as to balance areas of expertise and frequency of prior commentaries in BBS. Please reply by EMAIL no later than May 23, 2006. ======================================================================= *** TARGET ARTICLE INFORMATION *** ======================================================================= TITLE: Why Ritualized Behavior? Precaution Systems and Action Parsing in Developmental, Pathological and Cultural Rituals AUTHORS: Pascal Boyer and Pierre Lienard ABSTRACT: Rituals, intuitively recognizable by their stereotypy, rigidity, repetition and apparent lack of rational motivation, are found in cultural rituals, religious or not; in many childrens complicated routines; in the pathology of obsessive-compulsive disorders; in normal adults around certain stages of the life-cycle, birthing in particular. Combining evidence from evolutionary anthropology, neuro-psychology and neuro-imaging, we propose an explanation in terms of an evolved Precaution System geared to the detection of and reaction to inferred threats to fitness. This system, distinct from fear-systems geared to manifest danger, includes a repertoire of clues for potential danger as well as a repertoire of species-typical precautions. In OCD pathology, this system does not supply a negative feedback to the appraisal of potential threats, resulting in doubts about the proper performance of precautions, and reiteration of action. Also, anxiety levels focus the attention on low-level gestural units of behavior rather than the goal-related higher-level units normally used in parsing the action-flow. Normally automatized actions are submitted to cognitive control. This swamps working memory, an effect of which is a temporary relief from intrusions but also their long-term strengthening. Normal activation of this Precaution System explains intrusions and rituals in normal adults. Gradual cali-bration of the system occurs through childhood rituals. Cultural mimicry of this systems natural input makes cultural rituals attention-grabbing and compelling. A number of em-pirical predictions follow from this synthetic model. KEYWORDS: CHILDHOOD RITUAL, COMPULSION, EVENT BOUNDARIES, EVOLUTIONARY PSYCHOLOGY, OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDER, RITUAL, THOUGHT INTRUSION FULL TEXT: http://www.bbsonline.org/Preprints/Boyer-04042005/Referees/ ======================================================================= SUPPLEMENTARY ANNOUNCEMENT ======================================================================= (1) Call for Book Nominations for BBS Multiple Book Review In the past, Behavioral and Brain Sciences (BBS) had only been able to do 1-2 BBS multiple book treatments per year, because of our limited annual page quota. BBS's new expanded page quota will make it possible for us to increase the number of books we treat per year, so this is an excellent time for BBS Associates and biobehavioral/cognitive scientists in general to nominate books you would like to see accorded BBS multiple book review. (Authors may self-nominate, but books can only be selected on the basis of multiple nominations.) It would be very helpful if you indicated in what way a BBS Multiple Book Review of the book(s) you nominate would be useful to the field (and of course a rich list of potential reviewers would be the best evidence of its potential impact!). *-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* Please note: Your email address has been added to our user database for Calls for Commentators, the reason you received this email. If you do not wish to receive further Calls, please feel free to change your mailshot status through your User Login link on the BBSPrints homepage, using your username and password. Or, email a response with the word "remove" in the subject line. *-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* Barbara Finlay - Editor Paul Bloom - Editor Behavioral and Brain Sciences bbs(a)bbsonline.org http://www.bbsonline.org -------------------------------------------------------------------

20 years, 1 month

Boyer & Lienard/Ritualized Behavior: BBS Call for Commentators

by Behavioral & Brain Sciences

Below the proposal instructions please find the abstract, keywords, and a link to the full text of the forthcoming BBS target article: Why Ritualized Behavior? Precaution Systems and Action Parsing in Developmental, Pathological and Cultural Rituals Pascal Boyer & Pierre Lienard This article has been accepted for publication in Behavioral and Brain Sciences (BBS), an international, interdisciplinary journal providing Open Peer Commentary on important and controversial current research in the biobehavioral and cognitive sciences. Commentators must be BBS Associates or suggested by a BBS Associate. To be considered as a commentator for this article, to suggest other appropriate commentators, or for information about how to become a BBS Associate, please reply by EMAIL no later than May 23, 2006: calls(a)bbsonline.org The Calls are sent to 10,000 BBS Associates, so there is no expectation (indeed, it would be calamitous) that each recipient should comment on every occasion! Hence there is no need to reply except if you wish to comment, or to suggest someone to comment. If you are not a BBS Associate, please approach a current BBS Associate (there are currently over 10,000 worldwide) who is familiar with your work to nominate you. All past BBS authors, referees and commentators are eligible to become BBS Associates. An electronic list of current BBS Associates is available at this location to help you select a name: http://www.bbsonline.org/Instructions/assoclist.html If no current BBS Associate knows your work, please send us your Curriculum Vitae and BBS will circulate it to appropriate Associates to ask whether they would be prepared to nominate you. (In the meantime, your name, address and email address will be entered into our database as an unaffiliated investigator.) ======================================================================= COMMENTARY PROPOSAL INSTRUCTIONS ======================================================================= To help us put together a balanced list of commentators, it would be most helpful if you would send us an indication of the relevant expertise you would bring to bear on the paper, and what aspect of the paper you would anticipate commenting upon. Please DO NOT prepare a commentary until you receive a formal invitation, indicating that it was possible to include your name on the final list, which is constructed so as to balance areas of expertise and frequency of prior commentaries in BBS. Please reply by EMAIL no later than May 23, 2006. ======================================================================= *** TARGET ARTICLE INFORMATION *** ======================================================================= TITLE: Why Ritualized Behavior? Precaution Systems and Action Parsing in Developmental, Pathological and Cultural Rituals AUTHORS: Pascal Boyer and Pierre Lienard ABSTRACT: Rituals, intuitively recognizable by their stereotypy, rigidity, repetition and apparent lack of rational motivation, are found in cultural rituals, religious or not; in many childrens complicated routines; in the pathology of obsessive-compulsive disorders; in normal adults around certain stages of the life-cycle, birthing in particular. Combining evidence from evolutionary anthropology, neuro-psychology and neuro-imaging, we propose an explanation in terms of an evolved Precaution System geared to the detection of and reaction to inferred threats to fitness. This system, distinct from fear-systems geared to manifest danger, includes a repertoire of clues for potential danger as well as a repertoire of species-typical precautions. In OCD pathology, this system does not supply a negative feedback to the appraisal of potential threats, resulting in doubts about the proper performance of precautions, and reiteration of action. Also, anxiety levels focus the attention on low-level gestural units of behavior rather than the goal-related higher-level units normally used in parsing the action-flow. Normally automatized actions are submitted to cognitive control. This swamps working memory, an effect of which is a temporary relief from intrusions but also their long-term strengthening. Normal activation of this Precaution System explains intrusions and rituals in normal adults. Gradual cali-bration of the system occurs through childhood rituals. Cultural mimicry of this systems natural input makes cultural rituals attention-grabbing and compelling. A number of em-pirical predictions follow from this synthetic model. KEYWORDS: CHILDHOOD RITUAL, COMPULSION, EVENT BOUNDARIES, EVOLUTIONARY PSYCHOLOGY, OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDER, RITUAL, THOUGHT INTRUSION FULL TEXT: http://www.bbsonline.org/Preprints/Boyer-04042005/Referees/ ======================================================================= SUPPLEMENTARY ANNOUNCEMENT ======================================================================= (1) Call for Book Nominations for BBS Multiple Book Review In the past, Behavioral and Brain Sciences (BBS) had only been able to do 1-2 BBS multiple book treatments per year, because of our limited annual page quota. BBS's new expanded page quota will make it possible for us to increase the number of books we treat per year, so this is an excellent time for BBS Associates and biobehavioral/cognitive scientists in general to nominate books you would like to see accorded BBS multiple book review. (Authors may self-nominate, but books can only be selected on the basis of multiple nominations.) It would be very helpful if you indicated in what way a BBS Multiple Book Review of the book(s) you nominate would be useful to the field (and of course a rich list of potential reviewers would be the best evidence of its potential impact!). *-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* Please note: Your email address has been added to our user database for Calls for Commentators, the reason you received this email. If you do not wish to receive further Calls, please feel free to change your mailshot status through your User Login link on the BBSPrints homepage, using your username and password. Or, email a response with the word "remove" in the subject line. *-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* Barbara Finlay - Editor Paul Bloom - Editor Behavioral and Brain Sciences bbs(a)bbsonline.org http://www.bbsonline.org -------------------------------------------------------------------

20 years, 1 month

Philosophy of Science Colloquium, May

by Laszlo E. Szabo

Philosophy of Science Colloquium Department of History and Philosophy of Science Eotvos Lorand University, Budapest Room 1.817 (1st floor) Monday 4:00 PM Pazmany P. setany 1/C Budapest, Hungary Phone/Fax: (36-1) 372 2924 http://philosophy.elte.hu/colloquium Program: May 8 May 4:00 PM 1st floor 1.817 Language: English Richard D. McKirahan Classics Department, Pomona College, Claremont, CA Zeno's Arguments against Motion Abstract: http://philosophy.elte.hu/colloquium/2006/May/#1 ___ 15 May No seminar session! (Horwich Conference, Pecs) ___ 22 May 4:00 PM 1st floor 1.817 Language: Hungarian Tamas Demeter Institute for Philosophical Research Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest Miert nincsenek tobbszorosen megvalosithato tulajdonsagok? (Why are there no multiply realisable properties?) Abstract: http://philosophy.elte.hu/colloquium/2006/May/#3 ___ 29 May 4:00 PM 1st floor 1.817 Language: English Balazs Gyenis HPS, University of Pittsburgh Maxwell and the normal distribution Abstract: http://philosophy.elte.hu/colloquium/2006/May/#4 ___________________________________ The 60-minute lecture is followed by a 10-minute break. Then we hold a 30-60-minute discussion. The colloquium is open to everyone, including students, visitors, and faculty members from all departments! A printable poster is available from here: http://philosophy.elte.hu/colloquium/2006/May/poster.pdf Please feel free to post it in your institution! The organizer of the colloquium: Laszlo E. Szabo (email: leszabo(a)hps.elte.hu) -- L a s z l o E. S z a b o Theoretical Physics Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences Department of History and Philosophy of Science Eotvos University, Budapest http://philosophy.elte.hu/leszabo

20 years, 1 month

Kampis Gyorgy eloadasa a Mindentudas Egyetemen

by Kampis George

Kedves Kollegak, Majus 8.-an, 19:30-kor Kampis Gyorgy eloadast tart a Mindentudas Egyetemen, "Ujra gyoz az evolucio?" cimmel. A felvetel helye a Millenaris Teatrum. Az adast 9.-en este es a heten meg haromszor adja majd a Duna TV es az MTV. Az eloadas elott polemikus filmvetites a parkban levo szabadteri szinpadon. Minden erdeklodot szeretettel varunk, ennek modja a Mindentudas honlapjan (http://mte.big.hu/jojjon_el.php) torteno regisztracio. (Sajnos enelkul az amugy ingyenes rendezveny nem latogathato, de mindossze egy kattintasra van.) Jojjenek el! Udvozlettel (a szervezok neveben): Kampis Gyorgy

20 years, 1 month

Kati Balog's talk on Tuesday

by Jakab Zoltán

* Katalin Balog* Department of Philosophy, Yale University "Hard, Harder, Hardest" 2 May, 2006 (Tuesday) 5 PM CEU Department of Philosophy, 1051 Budapest, Zrínyi u. 14, 4th floor, rm. 412. In this paper I discuss three problems concerning consciousness. The first two problems have been dubbed "The Hard Problem" and "The Harder Problem". The third problem has received less attention and I will call it "The Hardest Problem". The Hard Problem is a metaphysical, and explanatory problem concerning the nature of conscious states. The Harder Problem is epistemological. The problem is that if physicalism is true then all facts supervene on physical facts including facts about consciousness and so it is natural to expect that, given enough physical information, I can know whether another being is conscious. But it seems that I cannot know this. The Hardest Problem is a problem about reference. Both the Hard and the Harder Problems presuppose the common sense view that our subjective concepts refer determinately - modulo vagueness - to real, objective properties that can be instantiated in minds other than my own. It follows that there will be a matter of fact - even if I can never find it out - about whether a phenomenal concept of mine applies to another creature. The Hardest Problem is the problem of explaining how, given physicalism, this could be so. Together the three problems present, I suggest, a particularly difficult challenge to those philosophers who are, like me, both physicalists and phenomenal realists, and agree with dualists that there is an explanatory gap involving phenomenal consciousness. My aim is to spell out the relations among them and then to explore how they appear from the perspective of an approach that strikes me as quite promising in so far as the first two problems are concerned. The approach I have in mind attempts to explain the various special and puzzling features of phenomenal consciousness in terms of what Stoljar has recently called 'the phenomenal concept strategy'. This approach can go quite far in handling the first two problems but, as we will see, runs into serious difficulties with the Hardest Problem. Hope to see you there on Tuesday! Zoltán

20 years, 1 month

kiserletes nyelveszet

by Banreti Zoltan

Tisztelt Kollégák, Az MTA nyelvtudományi Intézetében a Kisérletes nyelvészet sorozatban április 27-én, csütörtökön 14 órától a földszinti előadóban Ivády Rozália (BME Kognitiv Tudományi Tanszék) tart előadást. Cime: Implicit emlékezet a nemlétezőre : morfológiai priming álszavakra Társszerzők: Pléh Csba és Lukács Ágnes. Minden érdeklődőt szeretettel várunk. Alább olvasható az előadás absztraktja. Üdvözlettel, Bánréti Zoltán ------------------ Implicit emlékezet a nemlétezőre : morfológiai priming álszavakra Ivády Rozália, Pléh Csaba, Lukács Ágnes BME Kognitív Tudományi Tanszék ivady(a)cogsci.bme.hu A bemutatandó kísérletsorozatnak alapvetően két célja volt. Egyrészt egy módszertani problémákat szerettünk volna tisztázni a morfológiai előfeszítés kutatásában, másrészt pedig a szabály és paradigma vitához kapcsolódó bizonyítékokat igyekeztünk keresni. Kétségtelen, hogy az előbbi nagyobb sikert hozott, ám a második szempont izgalmasabb. Kétféle módszertani kérdés merült fel: vajon előfeszítési helyzetben ugyanolyan hatékony-e az akusztikus-vizuális, mint a vizuális- akusztikus párosítás? Van ugyan fő hatása a reakcióidőre és a pontosságra (vizuális ingerekre gyorsabban és pontosabban reagálnak a résztvevők), de egy sor interakciót is mutat más változókkal. A második módszertani kérdés, hogy a főnévi paradigma alany esetű alakjai és a tárgyeset kölcsönösen és ugyanolyan mértékben előfeszítik- e egymást? Az eddigi vizsgálatok jó része előfeszítő ingernek a ragozott alakot, célingernek pedig a szótövet használta. Ennek önmagában nincsen fő hatása, sokkal inkább úgy tűnik, hogy létező szavak esetében az előfeszítési hatás akkor nagyobb, ha először a ragozott alakot mutatjuk (kefét - kefe), ezzel szemben nem létező szavaknál csak akkor jön létre szignifikáns előfeszítés, ha a jelöletlen alak áll elől (bege - begét). Ami a szabály paradigma vitával kapcsolatos érdekes, ámde vitatható eredmény: bizonyos esetekben ki lehet mutatni előfeszítési hatást a nem létező szavakra is, azonban ez a hatás minimális, és mint említettük, csak a jelöletlenről a tárgyas alak irányába szignifikáns. Ez mindenképpen ellentmondana egy olyan modularista feldolgozó elvnek, amely egy érzéketlen raglevágó modult állítana a bejövő verbális ingerek futószalagja mellé, hiszen abba az irányba egyáltalán nincs előfeszítés. Ez látszólag a paradigmaelméletet jósolná és ennek a másik fő eredmény sem mond ellent: a létező szavak előfeszítése erősebb a jelölt felől a jelöletlen (kefét - kefe), mint a jelöletlen felől a jelölt irányába (kefe-kefét). -------------------- MTA Nyelvtudomanyi Intezete Research Institute for Linguistics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences H-1068 Budapest Benczúr u. 33 tel: 36-1-351-0413 fax: 36-1-322-9297 email: banreti(a)nytud.hu

20 years, 1 month

phd iskola a BME-n kognitiv tudomany temakorben

by Gyula Kovács

T Kollegak A BME Kognitiv Tud. Tsz iden is meghirdeti doktori iskolajat Pszicholingvisztika es Kognitiv Idegtudomany programokban. Bovebb informacio es a kutatasi temak megtalalhatoak a http://www.cogsci.bme.hu/DoCS/oktatas/phdiskola/ valamint a http://www.gtk.bme.hu/download/doktori/FelhivPszich06.pdf linkek alatt Udvozlettel, Kovacs Gyula -- Gyula Kovács Dept. Cognitive Sciences Budapest Univ. Technology and Economics --------------------------------------- Budapest, Stoczek u 3, ST BDG III.318 Tel: 0036-1463-1176 Fax:0036-1463-1072 gkovacs(a)cogsci.bme.hu www.cogsci.bme.hu

20 years, 1 month

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