30 Nov
2011
30 Nov
'11
9:14 p.m.
PLEASE NOTE: This talk will take place on a different day than usual. Our
seminar room has a limited capacity so please arrive early to ensure you
will get a seat! The talk will start promptly at 5 PM.
The next talk in the CDC Seminar series will be given by:
Sarah-Jane Leslie, Princeton University
Date: THURSDAY, December 8, 2011, 5 PM
Location: Cognitive Development Center, Hattyú u. 14, 3rd floor
*Generics as cognitive defaults
*
Abstract: Generic sentences express generalizations about kinds, such as
"tigers are striped", "ducks lay eggs", and "ticks carry Lyme
disease". I
present and review emerging evidence from adults and children that suggests
that generics articulate cognitively default generalizations -- i.e., they
express basic, early-developing inductive generalizations concerning kinds.
Further evidence suggests that these generalizations don't depend solely on
information about prevalence. For example, "ticks carry Lyme disease" is
accepted, but "books are paperbacks" is not, despite the fact - well-known
and acknowledged by participants - that paperbacks are much more prevalent
among books than Lyme-disease-carrying is among ticks. Similarly, both
adults and preschoolers understand that, e.g., only female ducks lay eggs,
yet they are more likely to accept "ducks lay eggs" than "ducks are
female". Rather than depending solely on information about prevalence,
these primitive generic generalizations are sensitive to a number of
content-based factors, such as whether the property in question is
dangerous or otherwise striking (as in "ticks carry Lyme disease"), or is
an essential or characteristic property of the kind (as in "ducks lay
eggs"). This suggests that our most basic means of forming inductive
generalizations about kinds is not guided by prevalence alone, but also
reflects our nature as learners.
Cognitive Science Events at CEU: http://cognitivescience.ceu.hu/events
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