Dear Dr. Qwerty,
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** Target Article Information **
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TITLE: A Socio-Relational Framework of Sex Differences in the Expression of Emotion
AUTHORS: Jacob Miguel Vigil
ABSTRACT: Despite a staggering body of research demonstrating sex differences in
expressed emotion, very few theoretical models (neither evolutionary nor
nonevolutionary) offer a critical examination of the adaptive nature of such
differences. From the perspective of a socio-relational framework, emotive
behaviors evolved to facilitate the motivation to either exploit or avert
specific types of relationships, and do so by advertising the two most
parsimonious properties of reciprocity potential, or perceived attractiveness as
a prospective social partner. These are the individual's (a) perceived capacity
or ability to provide expedient resources or to inflict immediate harm onto
others, and their (b) perceived trustworthiness or probability of actually
reciprocating altruism (Vigil, 2007). Depending on the unique social demands and
relational constraints that each sex evolved, individuals should be sensitive to
advertise "capacity" and "trustworthiness" cues through selective
displays of
dominant vs. submissive and masculine vs. feminine emotive behaviors,
respectively. In this article, I introduce the basic theoretical assumptions and
hypotheses of the framework, and show how the models provide a solid scaffold to
begin to interpret common sex differences in the emotional development
literature. I conclude by discussing how the framework can be used to predict
condition- and situation-based variation in mood and other forms of expressive
behaviors.
KEYWORDS: emotion, evolutionary psychology, femininity, masculinity, mood,
motivation, nonverbal behaviors, sex differences, social behaviors, social cognition
FULL TEXT:
http://www.bbsonline.org/Preprints/Vigil-02212008/Referees/
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Paul Bloom - Editor
Behavioral and Brain Sciences
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