koglist May 2006

koglist@maillist.ttk.hu

12 participants
24 discussions

by Banreti Zoltan

Kedves Kollégák, Az MTA Nyelvtudományi Intézete Kisérletes nyelvészet programjában: május 4-én, csütörtökön 14 órától a földszinti előadóban (VI. benczúr. u. 33) Gábor Bálint (BME Kognitiv Tudomáyn Tnszék() előadása: Kisgyerekek morfológiai és szintaktikai produktivitása Az előadás absztraktja az alábbiakban olvasható. Minden érdeklődőt szeretettel várunk. Üdvözlettel, Bánréti ZOltán -------------------------- Kisgyerekek morfológiai és szintaktikai produktivitása Gábor Bálint BME Kognitív Tudomány Tanszék A nyelvelsajátítás kutatásának egyik legfontosabb kérdése, hogy milyen módon sajátítjuk el a nyelvtani szabályokat, szerkezeteket, és hogy a gyerekek nyelvtana milyen viszonyban áll a későbbi felnőtt nyelvtannal. A Chomsky-féle nativista hagyomány szerint minden ember veleszületetten magában hordozza a nyelvi képességet egy univerzális grammatika formájában. A folytonossági hipotézis szerint a gyerekeknek ugyanazon univerzális nyelvtan szerint kell beszélniük, mint ami a felnőtt nyelv hátterében is áll. A kognitív-funkcionális és a használat-alapú nyelvészet támogatói szerint viszont az absztrakt nyelvtani szabályok elsajátítása fokozatosan történik, hatékony területfüggetlen tanulási és szociális képességek (pl. disztribúcióelemzés, analógiafelismerés, szándéktulajdonítás) felhasználásával. E nézet szerint a kisgyermekek nyelvtana kb. három éves korig konkrét szavakhoz kötődő „ige- sziget” konstrukciókból áll, és csak később, fokozatosan alakulnak ki az egyre absztraktabb nyelvtani reprezentációk. Kisgyerekek nyelvtani produktivitásáról számos vizsgálatot találhatunk az irodalomban. Vajon a gyerekek absztrakt szerkezetűnek tűnő megszólalásai mögött tényleg mindig általános nyelvi reprezentáció áll? Egy lehetséges vizsgálati módszer, ha új (nem létező) szavakat tanítunk gyerekeknek, és ellenőrizzük, hogy azokat tudják-e olyan szerkezetekben használni, ill. megérteni, melyben nem hallották. Ha igen, akkor megállapíthatjuk, hogy a használt nyelvtani konstrukció általános arra az argumentumra nézve, amit az új szó betölt benne. Kísérleteinkben a fenti paradigma szerint vizsgáljuk magyar kisgyerekek morfológiai produktivitását új szavakkal (igékkel és főnevekkel), ill. ragokkal. Elemezzük a gyerekek életkorának, a tanult szó vagy rag szintaktikai kategóriájának és a nyelvi bemenet morfológiai változatosságának hatásait. Előadásomban egyrészt áttekintem az irodalomban található nyelvtani (főleg szintaktikai) produktivitásra vonatkozó korábbi empirikus vizsgálatokat, másrészt bemutatom saját morfológiai kutatásunkat és annak jelenlegi eredményeit. ---------------------- MTA Nyelvtudomanyi Intezete Research Institute for Linguistics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences H-1068 Budapest Benczúr u. 33 tel: 36-1-351-0413 fax: 36-1-322-9297 email: banreti(a)nytud.hu MTA Nyelvtudomanyi Intezete Research Institute for Linguistics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences H-1068 Budapest Benczúr u. 33 tel: 36-1-351-0413 fax: 36-1-322-9297 email: banreti(a)nytud.hu

20 years

Boyer & Lienard/Ritualized Behavior: BBS Call for Commentators

by Behavioral & Brain Sciences

Dear Dr. Qwerty, Below the proposal instructions please find the abstract, keywords, and a link to the full text of the forthcoming BBS target article: Why Ritualized Behavior? Precaution Systems and Action Parsing in Developmental, Pathological and Cultural Rituals Pascal Boyer & Pierre Lienard This article has been accepted for publication in Behavioral and Brain Sciences (BBS), an international, interdisciplinary journal providing Open Peer Commentary on important and controversial current research in the biobehavioral and cognitive sciences. Commentators must be BBS Associates or suggested by a BBS Associate. To be considered as a commentator for this article, to suggest other appropriate commentators, or for information about how to become a BBS Associate, please reply by EMAIL no later than May 23, 2006: calls(a)bbsonline.org The Calls are sent to 10,000 BBS Associates, so there is no expectation (indeed, it would be calamitous) that each recipient should comment on every occasion! Hence there is no need to reply except if you wish to comment, or to suggest someone to comment. If you are not a BBS Associate, please approach a current BBS Associate (there are currently over 10,000 worldwide) who is familiar with your work to nominate you. All past BBS authors, referees and commentators are eligible to become BBS Associates. An electronic list of current BBS Associates is available at this location to help you select a name: http://www.bbsonline.org/Instructions/assoclist.html If no current BBS Associate knows your work, please send us your Curriculum Vitae and BBS will circulate it to appropriate Associates to ask whether they would be prepared to nominate you. (In the meantime, your name, address and email address will be entered into our database as an unaffiliated investigator.) ======================================================================= COMMENTARY PROPOSAL INSTRUCTIONS ======================================================================= To help us put together a balanced list of commentators, it would be most helpful if you would send us an indication of the relevant expertise you would bring to bear on the paper, and what aspect of the paper you would anticipate commenting upon. Please DO NOT prepare a commentary until you receive a formal invitation, indicating that it was possible to include your name on the final list, which is constructed so as to balance areas of expertise and frequency of prior commentaries in BBS. Please reply by EMAIL no later than May 23, 2006. ======================================================================= *** TARGET ARTICLE INFORMATION *** ======================================================================= TITLE: Why Ritualized Behavior? Precaution Systems and Action Parsing in Developmental, Pathological and Cultural Rituals AUTHORS: Pascal Boyer and Pierre Lienard ABSTRACT: Rituals, intuitively recognizable by their stereotypy, rigidity, repetition and apparent lack of rational motivation, are found in cultural rituals, religious or not; in many childrens complicated routines; in the pathology of obsessive-compulsive disorders; in normal adults around certain stages of the life-cycle, birthing in particular. Combining evidence from evolutionary anthropology, neuro-psychology and neuro-imaging, we propose an explanation in terms of an evolved Precaution System geared to the detection of and reaction to inferred threats to fitness. This system, distinct from fear-systems geared to manifest danger, includes a repertoire of clues for potential danger as well as a repertoire of species-typical precautions. In OCD pathology, this system does not supply a negative feedback to the appraisal of potential threats, resulting in doubts about the proper performance of precautions, and reiteration of action. Also, anxiety levels focus the attention on low-level gestural units of behavior rather than the goal-related higher-level units normally used in parsing the action-flow. Normally automatized actions are submitted to cognitive control. This swamps working memory, an effect of which is a temporary relief from intrusions but also their long-term strengthening. Normal activation of this Precaution System explains intrusions and rituals in normal adults. Gradual cali-bration of the system occurs through childhood rituals. Cultural mimicry of this systems natural input makes cultural rituals attention-grabbing and compelling. A number of em-pirical predictions follow from this synthetic model. KEYWORDS: CHILDHOOD RITUAL, COMPULSION, EVENT BOUNDARIES, EVOLUTIONARY PSYCHOLOGY, OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDER, RITUAL, THOUGHT INTRUSION FULL TEXT: http://www.bbsonline.org/Preprints/Boyer-04042005/Referees/ ======================================================================= SUPPLEMENTARY ANNOUNCEMENT ======================================================================= (1) Call for Book Nominations for BBS Multiple Book Review In the past, Behavioral and Brain Sciences (BBS) had only been able to do 1-2 BBS multiple book treatments per year, because of our limited annual page quota. BBS's new expanded page quota will make it possible for us to increase the number of books we treat per year, so this is an excellent time for BBS Associates and biobehavioral/cognitive scientists in general to nominate books you would like to see accorded BBS multiple book review. (Authors may self-nominate, but books can only be selected on the basis of multiple nominations.) It would be very helpful if you indicated in what way a BBS Multiple Book Review of the book(s) you nominate would be useful to the field (and of course a rich list of potential reviewers would be the best evidence of its potential impact!). *-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* Please note: Your email address has been added to our user database for Calls for Commentators, the reason you received this email. If you do not wish to receive further Calls, please feel free to change your mailshot status through your User Login link on the BBSPrints homepage, using your username and password. Or, email a response with the word "remove" in the subject line. *-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* Barbara Finlay - Editor Paul Bloom - Editor Behavioral and Brain Sciences bbs(a)bbsonline.org http://www.bbsonline.org -------------------------------------------------------------------

20 years

Boyer & Lienard/Ritualized Behavior: BBS Call for Commentators

by Behavioral & Brain Sciences

Below the proposal instructions please find the abstract, keywords, and a link to the full text of the forthcoming BBS target article: Why Ritualized Behavior? Precaution Systems and Action Parsing in Developmental, Pathological and Cultural Rituals Pascal Boyer & Pierre Lienard This article has been accepted for publication in Behavioral and Brain Sciences (BBS), an international, interdisciplinary journal providing Open Peer Commentary on important and controversial current research in the biobehavioral and cognitive sciences. Commentators must be BBS Associates or suggested by a BBS Associate. To be considered as a commentator for this article, to suggest other appropriate commentators, or for information about how to become a BBS Associate, please reply by EMAIL no later than May 23, 2006: calls(a)bbsonline.org The Calls are sent to 10,000 BBS Associates, so there is no expectation (indeed, it would be calamitous) that each recipient should comment on every occasion! Hence there is no need to reply except if you wish to comment, or to suggest someone to comment. If you are not a BBS Associate, please approach a current BBS Associate (there are currently over 10,000 worldwide) who is familiar with your work to nominate you. All past BBS authors, referees and commentators are eligible to become BBS Associates. An electronic list of current BBS Associates is available at this location to help you select a name: http://www.bbsonline.org/Instructions/assoclist.html If no current BBS Associate knows your work, please send us your Curriculum Vitae and BBS will circulate it to appropriate Associates to ask whether they would be prepared to nominate you. (In the meantime, your name, address and email address will be entered into our database as an unaffiliated investigator.) ======================================================================= COMMENTARY PROPOSAL INSTRUCTIONS ======================================================================= To help us put together a balanced list of commentators, it would be most helpful if you would send us an indication of the relevant expertise you would bring to bear on the paper, and what aspect of the paper you would anticipate commenting upon. Please DO NOT prepare a commentary until you receive a formal invitation, indicating that it was possible to include your name on the final list, which is constructed so as to balance areas of expertise and frequency of prior commentaries in BBS. Please reply by EMAIL no later than May 23, 2006. ======================================================================= *** TARGET ARTICLE INFORMATION *** ======================================================================= TITLE: Why Ritualized Behavior? Precaution Systems and Action Parsing in Developmental, Pathological and Cultural Rituals AUTHORS: Pascal Boyer and Pierre Lienard ABSTRACT: Rituals, intuitively recognizable by their stereotypy, rigidity, repetition and apparent lack of rational motivation, are found in cultural rituals, religious or not; in many childrens complicated routines; in the pathology of obsessive-compulsive disorders; in normal adults around certain stages of the life-cycle, birthing in particular. Combining evidence from evolutionary anthropology, neuro-psychology and neuro-imaging, we propose an explanation in terms of an evolved Precaution System geared to the detection of and reaction to inferred threats to fitness. This system, distinct from fear-systems geared to manifest danger, includes a repertoire of clues for potential danger as well as a repertoire of species-typical precautions. In OCD pathology, this system does not supply a negative feedback to the appraisal of potential threats, resulting in doubts about the proper performance of precautions, and reiteration of action. Also, anxiety levels focus the attention on low-level gestural units of behavior rather than the goal-related higher-level units normally used in parsing the action-flow. Normally automatized actions are submitted to cognitive control. This swamps working memory, an effect of which is a temporary relief from intrusions but also their long-term strengthening. Normal activation of this Precaution System explains intrusions and rituals in normal adults. Gradual cali-bration of the system occurs through childhood rituals. Cultural mimicry of this systems natural input makes cultural rituals attention-grabbing and compelling. A number of em-pirical predictions follow from this synthetic model. KEYWORDS: CHILDHOOD RITUAL, COMPULSION, EVENT BOUNDARIES, EVOLUTIONARY PSYCHOLOGY, OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDER, RITUAL, THOUGHT INTRUSION FULL TEXT: http://www.bbsonline.org/Preprints/Boyer-04042005/Referees/ ======================================================================= SUPPLEMENTARY ANNOUNCEMENT ======================================================================= (1) Call for Book Nominations for BBS Multiple Book Review In the past, Behavioral and Brain Sciences (BBS) had only been able to do 1-2 BBS multiple book treatments per year, because of our limited annual page quota. BBS's new expanded page quota will make it possible for us to increase the number of books we treat per year, so this is an excellent time for BBS Associates and biobehavioral/cognitive scientists in general to nominate books you would like to see accorded BBS multiple book review. (Authors may self-nominate, but books can only be selected on the basis of multiple nominations.) It would be very helpful if you indicated in what way a BBS Multiple Book Review of the book(s) you nominate would be useful to the field (and of course a rich list of potential reviewers would be the best evidence of its potential impact!). *-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* Please note: Your email address has been added to our user database for Calls for Commentators, the reason you received this email. If you do not wish to receive further Calls, please feel free to change your mailshot status through your User Login link on the BBSPrints homepage, using your username and password. Or, email a response with the word "remove" in the subject line. *-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* Barbara Finlay - Editor Paul Bloom - Editor Behavioral and Brain Sciences bbs(a)bbsonline.org http://www.bbsonline.org -------------------------------------------------------------------

20 years

Philosophy of Science Colloquium, May

by Laszlo E. Szabo

Philosophy of Science Colloquium Department of History and Philosophy of Science Eotvos Lorand University, Budapest Room 1.817 (1st floor) Monday 4:00 PM Pazmany P. setany 1/C Budapest, Hungary Phone/Fax: (36-1) 372 2924 http://philosophy.elte.hu/colloquium Program: May 8 May 4:00 PM 1st floor 1.817 Language: English Richard D. McKirahan Classics Department, Pomona College, Claremont, CA Zeno's Arguments against Motion Abstract: http://philosophy.elte.hu/colloquium/2006/May/#1 ___ 15 May No seminar session! (Horwich Conference, Pecs) ___ 22 May 4:00 PM 1st floor 1.817 Language: Hungarian Tamas Demeter Institute for Philosophical Research Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest Miert nincsenek tobbszorosen megvalosithato tulajdonsagok? (Why are there no multiply realisable properties?) Abstract: http://philosophy.elte.hu/colloquium/2006/May/#3 ___ 29 May 4:00 PM 1st floor 1.817 Language: English Balazs Gyenis HPS, University of Pittsburgh Maxwell and the normal distribution Abstract: http://philosophy.elte.hu/colloquium/2006/May/#4 ___________________________________ The 60-minute lecture is followed by a 10-minute break. Then we hold a 30-60-minute discussion. The colloquium is open to everyone, including students, visitors, and faculty members from all departments! A printable poster is available from here: http://philosophy.elte.hu/colloquium/2006/May/poster.pdf Please feel free to post it in your institution! The organizer of the colloquium: Laszlo E. Szabo (email: leszabo(a)hps.elte.hu) -- L a s z l o E. S z a b o Theoretical Physics Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences Department of History and Philosophy of Science Eotvos University, Budapest http://philosophy.elte.hu/leszabo

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koglist May 2006