ELTE TTK Tudomanytortenet es Tudomanyfilozofia Tanszek
Budapest, Pazmany P. setany 1/A
TUDOMANYFILOZOFIA SZEMINARIUM
(http://hps.elte.hu/seminar)
________________________________________________
Marcius 26.
16:00
6. em. 6.54
N e n a d M i s c e v i c
CEU, Budapest, Philosophy Program
Philosophy Department, University of Maribor, Slovenia
HOW TO THINK OF CONCEPTUAL CHANGE?
Historians of science routinely talk about conceptual change.
Semanticians are worried: can concepts change, and how, especially if
they are abstract entities. In the talk several alternatives are
proposed, in line with Kripke-Putnam view of reference.
A szeminarium szervezoje: E. Szabo Laszlo
--
Laszlo E. Szabo
Department of Theoretical Physics
Department of History and Philosophy of Science
Eotvos University, Budapest
H-1518 Budapest, Pf. 32, Hungary
Phone/Fax: (36-1)372-2924
Home: (36-1) 200-7318
Mobil/SMS: (36) 20-366-1172
http://hps.elte.hu/~leszabo
M E G H I V O
A Magyar Tudomanyos Akademia es
az Eotvos Lorand Tudomanyegyetem
vendegekent 2001. marcius ho utolso
heteben
Budapesten tartozkodik
P E T E R H A R Z E M
pszichologus professzor
(Auburn University, Alabama,
USA),
aki az ELTE Tanari Klubjaban
(Budapest, V. Szerb
utca 21-23. I emelet) angolnyelvu
eloadast tart
WHAT IS WRONG WITH BEHAVIORISM
AND
WHAT REVISION IS NEEDED ? cimen.
Az eloadas idopontja:
2001. marcius 30.,pentek delutan 14
ora
Az eloadasra Ont es erdeklodo
munkatarsait meghivjuk !
A szervezok.
PETER HARZEM, PhD.,DSc. az USA-beli neves Skinner-fele
behaviorista iskola neveltje, regebben kozeli kovetoje, evek
ota azonban mar jolismert kritikusa.
Az Auburn Egyetem (USA) tanszekvezeto tanara, aki
Angliaban (Londoni es Walesi Egyetem) nyerte egyetemi
fokozatait. Szamos sikeres kotet, konyvfejezet, kiserleti es
elmeleti kozlemeny szerzõje, amelyek nagyresze spanyol,
olasz es japan nyelven is hozzaferheto. Tobb europai
(Olaszorszag,Spanyolorszag,stb) es tengerentuli orszag
(Kanada, Mexiko, Japan, Brazilia) egyetemeinek megbecsult
meghivott eloadoja. A Japanban 1996-ban rendezett Third
International Congress of Behaviorism es mas hasonlo
rendezvenyek tiszteletbeli elnoke, tobb egyetemi kituntetes
(pl. Bicentennial Silver Medal of the University of Guadalajara)
tulajdonosa.
********************************************************
Gyorgy Bardos, PhD
habil.dr, associate professor/lecturer
Department of Physiology and Neurobiology
Eötvös Loránd University
Muzeum krt. 4/A, Budapest H-1088, Hungary
Local phone: 2670-820/2374
Internat. phone/Fax: (36-1) 2661-154
E-mail: bardosgy(a)ludens.elte.hu
********************************************************
ELTE TTK Tudomanytortenet es Tudomanyfilozofia Tanszek
Budapest, Pazmany P. setany 1/A
TUDOMANYFILOZOFIA SZEMINARIUM
(http://hps.elte.hu/seminar)
________________________________________________
2001, aprilis
aprilis 2.*
16:00
6. em. 6.54
D a r v a s G y o r g y
MTA Kutatasszervezesi Intezet
Anyagfejlodes es szimmetriasertes
Az anyag altalunk ismert fejlodestortenete (a legkoraibb fizikai
stadiumtol kezdve, az elo anyagon at, a
tarsadalmasult tudatig) arrol tanuskodik, hogy az egyes minosegileg
kulonbozo szintek kozotti
atmeneteket kozos torvenyszerusegek jellemzik, amelyek egy-egy
szimmetria-tulajdonsag serulesevel
allnak korrelacioban. Az eloadas eloszor ennek a folyamatnak az
altalanosithato torvenyszerusegeit
foglalja ontologiai keretbe. Bar a bemutatando megallapitasok
konzisztens egysegbe allnak ossze,
szamos problemat is felvetnek. Az eloadas masodsorban e jogosan
felvetodo, reszben nyitott kerdeseket
tekinti at, az egesz targylasnak keretet ado szintelmelet(ek) fogalmi es
ontologiai hatteretol kezdve,
ervenyessegi korukon at, viszonyukig a fejlodeselmeletekhez,
entropianovekedeshez,
redukcionizmushoz.
A temabol tartott korabbi eloadas anyaga:
http://hps.elte.hu/seminar/2001/Aprilis/darvas_text.html
____________
* A szeminarium szervezoje elnezest ker az eloadotol es a szeminarium
vendegeitol, de aprilis 2-an, egy
kulfodi konferencia miatt nem tud jelen lenni.
aprilis 9.
16:00
6. em. 6.54
S c h w e n d t n e r T i b o r
Miskolci Egyetem, Filozofiatortenet Tanszek
Heidegger tudomanyfelfogasa
Martin Heidegger a tudomanyra vonatkozo nezeteit osszefuggo formaban
soha nem fejtette ki, hanem
kizarolag rovidebb szovegreszletek, toredekes megjegyzesek allnak a
rekonstrukcio rendelkezesere. A
heideggeri tudomany-fogalom helyes megiteleset ezenfelul sok mitosz es
tevhit is neheziti. Ezert az
eloadas bevezeto reszeben szuksegesnek latszik a tudomany
problematikajanak elhelyezese a
heideggeri gondolatvilagon belul. Roviden at kell tekinteni, hogy milyen
modon, milyen filozofiai
eszkozokkel, s mi celbol foglalkozott Heidegger a tudomany kerdesevel.
Az eloadas fo reszeben Heidegger tudomanyfogalmanak strukturalis
osszefuggeseit fogom elemezni.
Ezt az osszefuggest egyfelol a filozofia, masfelol a mindennapi
eletvilag vonatkozasaban celszeru
vizsgalnunk. A legfontosabb kerdesek a kovetkezok lesznek: milyen
ertelemben lehet a filozofiat
tudomanyosnak tekinteni, illetve milyen helyzetet foglal el a tudomany a
filozofia vonatkozasaban; hogyan
jon letre a tudomanyos beallitodas az eletvilagbol; hogyan lehet
megalapozni a tudomanyokat, s milyen
megismero kepesseget tulajdonithatunk a tudomanynak.
Befejezesul a tudomany muvelesenek a fenti felfogasbol kovetkezo
alternativait szeretnem felvazolni,
mindenekelott az ugynevezett echte Wissenschaft lehetoseget, mely a
20-as evekben komolyan
foglalkoztatta Heideggert.
A temarol irt konyv: "Heidegger tudomanyfelfogasa", Osiris, Budapest,
2000.
aprilis 23.
16:00
6. em. 6.54
H o w a r d R o b i n s o n
CEU, Budapest, Philosophy Program
University of Liverpool
Various kinds of reductionism
Reductionism in the philosophy of science is associated with the
logical positivists' attempt to produce
a unified science. In their eyes, as they disliked ontology, this unity
was essentially a matter of the relation
of theories one to another. For those who fear ontology less, it can be
conceived in a more realist fashion.
The different sciences, and many things we say in ordinary,
non-scientific language, are all true of the
same physical world. What constraints are there on theories for it to be
possible for them to be different
ways of conceptualising the same reality? Reductionism can be seen as
the principle attempt explain
these constraints.
I shall look at the different accounts of reduction that have been
given. First, I shall give a typology of
the various accounts that have been given of the relations between the
ontologies of different theories,
stretching from the most reductive to those that are explicitly
emergentist. Second I shall focus on the
'weak reductionism' defended by Jerry Fodor in 'Special sciences: the
disunity of science as a working
hypothesis', (Synthese, 1974: variously reprinted, including in The
Philosophy of Science, eds Boyd,
Gasper and Trout). I shall question whether this kind of weak reduction
is adequate for a naturalist, on the
grounds that it presupposes that the science-producing subject is
external to the world about which he
is producing his theories.
aprilis 30.
16:00
6. em. 6.54
G n ä d i g P e t e r
ELTE, Atomfizika Tanszek
Ki lehetett volna ,,talalni'' a specialis relativitaselmeletet 50 evvel
Einstein elott?
Kozismert, hogy az elektrodinamika torvenyei teljes osszhangban
allnak a specialis relativitaselmelettel,
sot, Einstein eppen a ,,mozgo testek elektrodinamikajabol'' jott ra a
ter es ido ujszeru viszonyara.
Meglepo azonban, hogy ezt a kapcsolatot mar az elektrosztatika
(Coulomb-torveny) es az
egyenaramok (pl. egy hosszu, egyenes vezeto) Ampere-fele magneses tere
magaban rejti, s ez a
kapcsolat elemi lepesekkel (az eltolasi aramra, vagy az elektromagneses
hullamokra valo hivatkozas
nelkul, s felsobb matematikai apparatust mellozve) felszinre hozhato.
Megfelelo tolteselrendezest valasztva nehany egyszeru lepes utan
eljuthatunk a Lorentz-kontrakciot,
az idodilataciot, az egyidejuseg relativitasat, az altalanos
Lorentz-transzformaciot es az elektromagneses
tererossegek transzformacios kepleteit megado formulakhoz.
Erdekes tudomanyfilozofiai kerdes, hogy ha mindez ennyire keszen allt
mar az 1800-as evek kozepen,
akkor mi volt az a mozzanat, ami egy fel evszazadon keresztul meg
hianyzott a relativitaselmelet
megfogalmazasahoz. Az eloado velemenye szerint, a toltesek
,,darabossaganak'' felismeresere, az atomi
reszecskek felfedezesere kellett varni.
A szeminarium szervezoje: E. Szabo Laszlo
--
Laszlo E. Szabo
Department of Theoretical Physics
Department of History and Philosophy of Science
Eotvos University, Budapest
H-1518 Budapest, Pf. 32, Hungary
Phone/Fax: (36-1)372-2924
Home: (36-1) 200-7318
Mobil/SMS: (36) 20-366-1172
http://hps.elte.hu/~leszabo
ELTE TTK Tudomanytortenet es Tudomanyfilozofia Tanszek
Budapest, Pazmany P. setany 1/A
TUDOMANYFILOZOFIA SZEMINARIUM
(http://hps.elte.hu/seminar)
________________________________________________
Marcius 19.
16:00
6. em. 6.54
P e e t e r M u u r s e p p
The University of Mainor
Tallinn, Estonia
Chaos, Irreversibility and Indeterminism
There is a debate going on concerning the nature of science of today
that centres round theproblems of chaos, irreversibility and
indeterminism. The debate has been provoked by theworks of Ilya
Prigogine, who advocates a principal turn in science during the last
decadesof XX-th century. The claims of Ilya Prigogine have been
criticised by Jean Bricmont, whorefuses to recognise the novelty of the
approach of I. Prigogine. It seems, however, that J.Bricmont has not hit
the target with his criticism. Putting it somewhat roughly, the main
reason of I. Bricmont's misfire seems to be his concentration on the
problem of determinism,whereas the heart of the matter lies in
irreversibility. Therefore, the aim of the talk is clarifying the issues
of indeterminism and irreversibility in the light of the debate
mentioned above. It isuseful to fulfil this purpose by addressing the
nature of the different types of chaos,deterministic and quantum.
Although the main source of the discussion is contemporary, Ineed to
take a short look back at the ideas of Ludwig
Boltzmann, whose works have clearlyinspired both of the debating
parties.
A szeminarium szervezoje: E. Szabo Laszlo
--
Laszlo E. Szabo
Department of Theoretical Physics
Department of History and Philosophy of Science
Eotvos University, Budapest
H-1518 Budapest, Pf. 32, Hungary
Phone/Fax: (36-1)372-2924
Home: (36-1) 200-7318
Mobil/SMS: (36) 20-366-1172
http://hps.elte.hu/~leszabo
Non-member submission from ["Dr. Ron Sun"]
-----
Date: Fri, 9 Mar 2001 18:09:36 -0600
From: "Dr. Ron Sun" <rsun(a)pc113.cecs.missouri.edu>
To: rsun(a)cecs.missouri.edu
Subject: new papers on cognitive models available
Announcing several papers on cognitive modeling and cognitive architectures
based on hybrid reinforcement learning --- the CLARION model:
A paper on cognitive modeling using CLARION:
--------------------------------------------------
>From Implicit Skills to Explicit Knowledge: A Bottom-Up Model of Skill Learning
Ron Sun
Edward Merrill
Todd Peterson
To appear in: Cognitive Science, Vol.25, No.2. March 2001.
http://www.cecs.missouri.edu/~rsun/sun.CS99.pshttp://www.cecs.missouri.edu/~rsun/sun.CS99.pdf
ABSTRACT
This paper presents a skill learning model CLARION. Different from
existing models of mostly high-level skill learning that use a top-down
approach (that is, turning declarative knowledge into procedural knowledge
through practice), we adopt a bottom-up approach toward low-level skill
learning, where procedural knowledge develops first and
declarative knowledge develops later. Our model is formed
by integrating connectionist, reinforcement, and symbolic learning
methods to perform on-line reactive learning. It adopts a two-level
dual-representation framework (Sun 1995), with a combination of localist
and distributed representation. We compare the model with human data in
a minefield navigation task, demonstrating some match between the model
and human data in several respects.
A new paper on consciousness:
--------------------------------------------------
Computation, Reduction, and Teleology of Consciousness
Ron Sun
To appear in: {\it Cognitive Systems Research}, Vol.1, No.4, 2001.
http://www.cecs.missouri.edu/~rsun/sun.jcsr-cons10.pshttp://www.cecs.missouri.edu/~rsun/sun.jcsr-cons10.pdf
ABSTRACT
This paper aims to explore mechanistic and teleological explanations
of consciousness. In terms of mechanistic explanations, it
critiques various existing views, especially those
embodied by existing computational cognitive models.
In this regard, the paper argues in favor of the explanation
based on the distinction between localist (symbolic) representation and
distributed representation (as formulated in
the connectionist literature), which reduces the phenomenological
difference to a mechanistic difference. Furthermore, to establish a
teleological explanation of consciousness,
the paper discusses the issue of the functional role of consciousness
on the basis of the afore-mentioned mechanistic explanation.
A proposal based on synergistic interaction between the conscious and
the unconscious is advanced that encompasses various existing views
concerning the functional roles of consciousness.
This two-step deepening explanation has some empirical support,
in the form of a cognitive model and various cognitive data that it
captures.
Also, a previous paper on accounting for consciousness computationally:
--------------------------------------------------
Accounting for the Computational Basis of Consciousness: A Connectionist
Approach
Ron Sun
Appeared in: Consciousness and Cognition, 1999.
http://www.cecs.missouri.edu/~rsun/sun.CC99.pshttp://www.cecs.missouri.edu/~rsun/sun.CC99.pdf
ABSTRACT
This paper argues for an explanation of the mechanistic
(computational) basis of consciousness that is based on the
distinction between localist (symbolic) representation and
distributed representation, the ideas of which have been put
forth in the connectionist literature. A model is developed
to substantiate and test this approach. The paper also explores
the issue of the functional roles of consciousness,
in relation to the proposed mechanistic explanation of consciousness.
The model, embodying the representational difference, is able
to account for the functional role of consciousness, in the form
of the synergy between the conscious and the unconscious.
The fit between the model and various cognitive phenomena and data
(documented in the psychological literatures) is discussed to
accentuate the plausibility of the model and its explanation of
consciousness. Comparisons with existing models of consciousness
are made in the end.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Symbol Grounding: A New Look At An Old Idea
by Ron Sun
Appeared in: Philosophical Psychology, Vol.13, No.2, pp.149-172. 2000.
http://www.cecs.missouri.edu/~rsun/sun.PP00.pshttp://www.cecs.missouri.edu/~rsun/sun.PP00.pdf
ABSTRACT
Symbols should be grounded, as has been argued before.
But we insist that they should be grounded not only in subsymbolic
activities, but also in the interaction between the agent and the
world. The point is that concepts are not formed
in isolation (from the world), in abstraction, or ``objectively".
They are formed in relation to the experience of agents,
through their perceptual/motor apparatuses, in their world and
linked to their goals and actions.
In this paper, we will take a detailed look at this relatively old issue,
using a new perspective, aided by our work of computational cognitive
model development.
Finally, a previous paper on computational aspects of the model:
---------------------------------
Autonomous Learning of Sequential Tasks: Experiments and Analyses
by Ron Sun, Todd Peterson
Appeared in: IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks, Vol.9, No.6,
pp.1217-1234. November, 1998.
http://www.cecs.missouri.edu/~rsun/sun.tnn98.ps
ABSTRACT:
This paper presents a novel learning model CLARION, which is a
hybrid model based on the two-level approach proposed in Sun (1995).
The model integrates neural, reinforcement, and symbolic learning
methods to perform on-line, bottom-up learning (i.e.,
learning that goes from neural to symbolic representations).
The model utilizes both procedural and declarative knowledge
(in neural and symbolic representations respectively),
tapping into the synergy of the two types of processes.
It was applied to deal with sequential decision tasks.
Experiments and analyses in various ways are reported
that shed light on the advantages of the model.
===========================================================================
Prof. Ron Sun http://www.cecs.missouri.edu/~rsun
CECS Department phone: (573) 884-7662
University of Missouri-Columbia fax: (573) 882 8318
201 Engineering Building West
Columbia, MO 65211-2060 email: rsun(a)cecs.missouri.edu
http://www.cecs.missouri.edu/~rsunhttp://www.cecs.missouri.edu/~rsun/journal.htmlhttp://www.cecs.missouri.edu/~rsun/clarion.html
===========================================================================
Fizikus, Filozofus es Matematikus hallgatok valamint PhD diakok meg
jelentkezhetnek!
NATO ADVANCED RESEARCH WORKSHOP:
Modality, Probability, and Bell's Theorems
Cracow (Poland) in Aug. 19-24, 2001
Tovabbi reszletek: http://hps.elte.hu/events/events.htm
--
Laszlo E. Szabo
Department of Theoretical Physics
Department of History and Philosophy of Science
Eotvos University, Budapest
H-1518 Budapest, Pf. 32, Hungary
Phone/Fax: (36-1)372-2924
Home: (36-1) 200-7318
Mobil/SMS: (36) 20-366-1172
http://hps.elte.hu/~leszabo
ELTE TTK Tudomanytortenet es Tudomanyfilozofia Tanszek
Budapest, Pazmany P. setany 1/A
TUDOMANYFILOZOFIA SZEMINARIUM
(http://hps.elte.hu/seminar)
________________________________________________
Marcius 12.
16:00
6. em. 6.54
G y o r g y M a r k u s
CEU, Budapest, Philosophy Program
University of Sydney
Condorcet: Communication/Science/Democracy
Condorcet is usually regarded as the last footnote to the history of
French Enlightenment.The paper - an
attempt at his "rehabilitation" - tries to disclose the conceptual
connectionsbetween his philosophy of
history, his views of science as simultaneously an epistemic andsocial
formation, and his political
philosophy. His ideas not only prefigure some more contemporary theories
- his dispute with Rousseau
represents the first great confrontationbetween the two great cultural
trends of modernity, between (the
broadly understood)"Enlightenment" and "Romanticism".
A szeminarium szervezoje: E. Szabo Laszlo
--
Laszlo E. Szabo
Department of Theoretical Physics
Department of History and Philosophy of Science
Eotvos University, Budapest
H-1518 Budapest, Pf. 32, Hungary
Phone/Fax: (36-1)372-2924
Home: (36-1) 200-7318
Mobil/SMS: (36) 20-366-1172
http://hps.elte.hu/~leszabo
Kedves erdeklodok
KOVACS ILONA es KALDY ZSUZSANNA
AZ ESZLELES FEJLODES
kurzus elso tombositett orai Szegeden
marcius 13 es 14-en 10-12 es 14-16
oraig lesznek az Irinyi belso laborban.
(A masik tomb marcius 26/28 kozott, ugyanott)
Az orakkal kapcsolatos info a kovetkezo
web oldalon van:
http://zeus.rutgers.edu/~ikovacs/szeged2001.html
A cikkek innen letolthetok. A jelentkezoket kerem, hogy
e-maliben regisztralodjanak.
Tovabbi kerdeseket ide irjatok:
Nemeth Dezso nemethd(a)sol.cc.u-szeged.hu
Ilona Kovacs <ikovacs(a)cyclops.rutgers.edu>
udv,
Dezso
Central European University
_________________________________
Two public lectures presented by the
Philosophy PhD Program
and the
Department of Political Science:
T h o m a s N a g e l
New York University
(http://www.nyu.edu/gsas/dept/philo/faculty/nagel/)
The Psychophysical Nexus
TURSDAY, MARCH 8, 4:30 p.m.
Location: CEU Nador u. 9. Bldg, Gellner Room
_________________
Justice in Taxation
FRIDAY, MARCH 9, 4:30 p.m.
Location: Nador u. 9. Bldg, Gellner Room
--
Laszlo E. Szabo
Department of Theoretical Physics
Department of History and Philosophy of Science
Eotvos University, Budapest
H-1518 Budapest, Pf. 32, Hungary
Phone/Fax: (36-1)372-2924
Home: (36-1) 200-7318
Mobil/SMS: (36) 20-366-1172
http://hps.elte.hu/~leszabo
ELTE TTK Tudomanytortenet es Tudomanyfilozofia Tanszek
Budapest, Pazmany P. setany 1/A
TUDOMANYFILOZOFIA SZEMINARIUM
(http://hps.elte.hu/seminar)
________________________________________________
Marcius 5.
16:00
6. em. 6.54
C s a b a F e r e n c
ELTE, BTK Filozofiai Intezet, Logika Tanszek
Godel nemteljessegi tetelei
Az eloadas elso feleben, a technikai reszletek esszeru adagolasaval
attekintjuk a godeli gomdolatmenetet, kiemelve a logikai komplexitas
fogalmanak jelentoseget, s kiterve nehany kesobbi fejlemenyre is. A
masodik reszben nehany, a tetelek altal felvetett filozofiai kerdesrol
lesz szo. Az egyik a matematikai igazsag fogalmanak letjogosultsaga es a
tetelek bizonyitasaban jatszott szerepe. Godel: "(A)z eldonthetetlen
matematikai allitasok megkonstrualasanak heurisztikus alapelve az
objektiv matematikai igazsag alapvetoen transzfinit fogalma volt." A
masik a "mechanizmus es optimizmus''
kerdeskor, amely az utobbi evtizedekben ujra es ujra felmerult, de nem
mindig mas megvilagitasban.
Godel: "A matematika vagy lenyege szerint befejezhetetlen, abban az
ertelemben, hogy evidens axiomai soha nem ragadhatok meg valamely veges
szabaly segitsegevel, vagyis az emberi elme (meg a tiszta matematika
teruleten is) vegtelenul meghaladja barmely veges gep
teljesitokepesseget, vagy pedig leteznek (...) abszolut megoldhatatlan
diofantikus problemak (az sem zarhato ki, hogy a ket lehetoseg
mindegyike fennall, igy szigoruan veve harom alternativaval van
dolgunk)."
A szeminarium szervezoje: E. Szabo Laszlo
--
Laszlo E. Szabo
Department of Theoretical Physics
Department of History and Philosophy of Science
Eotvos University, Budapest
H-1518 Budapest, Pf. 32, Hungary
Phone/Fax: (36-1)372-2924
Home: (36-1) 200-7318
Mobil/SMS: (36) 20-366-1172
http://hps.elte.hu/~leszabo
